Building Design Prelim

• The National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP) is a set of rules and regulations governing the design and construction of buildings
• Chapter 5 of the NBCP defines Fire Zones and restrictions on existing buildings within these zones
• Chapter 6 of the NBCP:

  • Fire-Resistive Rating is defined as the material's ability to withstand fire
  • Fire-Resistive Standards classify materials based on their fire-retardant or flame-spread ratings
• Group G Occupancies include:

  • Division 1: Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material
  • Division 2: Storage and handling of flammable materials, dry cleaning plants using flammable liquids, paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops, and spray-painting rooms
  • Division 3: Woodworking establishments, planning mills, box factories, factories where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured, processed or generated, warehouses where highly combustible materials are stored
  • Division 4: Repair garages
  • Division 5: Aircraft repair hangars
• Group H Occupancies include:

  • Division 1: Any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of less than 1000 in the building
  • Division 2: Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of 300 or more in the building
  • Division 3: Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of less than 300 in the building
  • Division 4: Stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included within Group I or in Division 1, 2, and 3 of this Group
• Group J Occupancies include:

  • Division 1: Private garage, carports, sheds, and agricultural buildings
  • Division 2: Fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks, and towers
• All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved
• Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the ceiling
• Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions:

  • Rooms for Human Habitations: 6.00 square meters with a least dimension of 2.00 meters
  • Kitchens: 3.0 square meters with a least dimension of 1.50 meters
  • Bath and toilet: 1.20 square meters with a least dimension of 0.90 meter
• Minimum air space requirements:

  • School Rooms: 3.00 cubic meters with 1.00 square meter of floor area per person
  • Workshops, Factories, and Offices: 12.00 cubic meters of air space per person
  • Habitable rooms: 14.00 cubic meters of air space per person
• Water supply system requirements:

  • Potable water requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or city waterworks system
  • The design, construction, and operation of water piping installations inside buildings and premises shall conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines
• Wastewater disposal system:

  • Sanitary sewage from buildings and neutralized or pre-treated industrial wastewater shall be discharged directly into the nearest street sanitary sewer main of existing municipal or city sanitary sewerage system
• Rainwater drainage shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer system
• Footings located at least 2.40 meters below grade along national roads or public highway may project not more than 300 millimeters beyond the property line
• Doors, windows, and the like less than 2.40 meters above the pavement or groundline shall not, when fully opened or upon opening, project beyond the property line except fire exit doors
• No person shall use or occupy a street, alley, or public sidewalk for the performance of work covered by a building permit except in accordance with the provisions of the Chapter on Protection of Pedestrian during Construction or Demolition
• The mixing of mortar, concrete, or similar materials on public streets shall not be allowed
• Adequate railings when required shall be built substantially strong and should be at least 1.00 meter in height
• Fences shall be built of an approved material, not less than 2.40 meters in height above grade, and be placed on the side of the walkway nearest to the building site
• The protective canopy shall have a clear height of 2.40 meters above the railway, and shall be structurally safe
• All roofs shall be so framed and tied into the framework and supporting walls so as to form an integral part of the whole building
• The construction of stairs and exits shall conform to the occupant load requirements of buildings, reviewing stands, bleachers, and grandstands
• Exit requirements of a building or portion thereof used for different purposes shall be determined by the occupant load which gives the largest number of persons
• Changes in floor elevations of less than 300 millimeters along any exit serving a tributary occupant load of 10 or more shall be by means of ramps
• Footings and foundations shall be of the appropriate type, of adequate size, and capacity to safely sustain the superimposed loads under seismic or any condition of external forces that may affect the safety or stability of the structure
• Floors shall be of such materials and construction as specified under Chapter 5 Fire Zones and Fire-Resistive Standards and under Chapter 6 – Types of Construction
• Roof covering for all buildings shall be either fire-retardant or ordinary depending upon the fire-resistive requirements of the particular type of construction
• Table of basic load combinations from the IBC

  
• Table containing area space factors for different types of spaces

  
• Exits:

  • Every building or usable portion must have at least one exit
  • Floors above the first storey with an occupant load of more than 10 must have at least two exits
  • Every storey with an occupant load of 500 to 999 must have at least three exits
  • Every storey with an occupant load of 1000 or more must have at least four exits
• Exit doors:

  • Swing in the direction of exit travel when serving hazardous areas or an occupant load of 50 or more
  • Exit doorways must be of a size to permit a door not less than 900mm in width and 2.00 meters in height
  • No leaf of an exit door shall exceed 1.20 meters in width
• Stairways:

  • Width for stairways serving an occupant load of more than 50 must be at least 1.10 meters
  • Rise of every step shall not exceed 200mm and the run shall not be less than 250mm
  • Handrails must be placed not less than 800mm nor more than 900mm above the nosing of treads
• National Structural Code of the Philippines:

  • Establishes minimum requirements for structural systems using prescriptive and performance-based provisions
  • Founded on broad-based principles allowing the use of new materials and building designs
• Architectural Code of the Philippines:

  • Compiled by the United Architects of the Philippines
  • Serves as a referral code for the implementation and enforcement of the National Building Code of the Philippines
• What is the policy of the state?

  To safeguard life, health, property and public welfare
• The NBCP shall apply to the design, location, siting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of, and addition to public and private buildings and structures.
• The administration and enforcement of the provisions of the code is vested to the Secretary.
• The secretary with the assitance of his technical staff shall provide such professional, technical, scientific and other services.
• The building official shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions.
• No person, firm or corporation, including any agency or instrumentality of the government shall erect, contruct, alter, repair, move, convert or demolish any building or structure without a building permit.