Proteins: composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur (C, H,O, N,S)
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and have a general structure consisting of an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and a side chain
There are 20 naturally occurring amino acids, each with a unique side chain that differentiates them from one another
The side chain of each amino acid is what differentiates one amino acid from another
A dipeptide is formed when two amino acids join together by a peptide bond
A polypeptide is formed by many amino acids joining together through condensation reaction
Protein structure pt1
Primary structure
It's the number and sequence of amino acids in the the polypeptide chain
Determines the structure of the polypeptide and the 3D shape of proteins and their active sites
Peptide bonds are involved
Proteins have two main secondary structures:
Alpha helix: forms a right-handed coil stabilized by hydrogen bonds between amino acids. They make up DNAbinding and transmembraneproteins
Betapleatedsheets: formed by proteins due to hydrogen bonds between amino acids, creating a sheet-like structure like silk
The secondary structure of proteins form two shapes due to hydrogen bonds forming between amino acids