CHAPTER ONE - Human Development and Personal Development

• 1. Physical Development 2. Cognitive Development

  3. Psychosocial Development (Papalia and Feldman, 2012)


  Developmental scientist identified the three aspects or domains of human development
• Physical Development


  Which covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor and sensory skills, and even physical health
• Cognitive Development


  Which covers our capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason, and to create
• Psychosocial Development


  Which includes our social interactions with other people, emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values
• 1. Heredity

  2. Environment

  3. Maturation


  Human development is also influenced by the following (3)
• Heredity

  Passed on by generations of off springs from both sides of the biological parents' families
• Environment


  It is the world outside of ourselves and the experiences that result from our contact and interaction with this external world
• Maturation


  It is the natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive, psychological and social dimensions of a person
• Personal


  Belonging or relating to a particular person. Made or designed to be used by one person
• Personality


  The set of emotional qualities, ways of behaving, etc., that makes a person different from other people. Attractive qualities that make a person interesting or pleasant to be with
• Development


  The act of process of growing or causing something to grow or become larger or more advanced
• Human Beings


  They have the sole capacity to reflect upon itself, and in the process, develop self-awareness, become motivated, and then desire to grow and change for the better, and are prompted to mature and improve until it reaches its desired level of development
• Personal Development


  May be defined as a process in which persons reflect upon themselves, understand who they are, accept what the discover about themselves, and learn new sets of values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential
• Zorka Hereford (2001) - "9 Essential Life Skills"


  He is the author of the book, _____, defined personal development as "the process of striving to be the best that you can be in order to reach and realize your full potential
• Eons, first Homo Sapiens


  The evolution of the understanding of human development may have started _____ ago when the _____ walked the face of the Earth
• Cavemen, figures, hunting


  The _____ who drew _____ on their cave walls attempted to narrate their experiences such as _____
• Western Philosophers, Greek Thinkers


  The time of the _____, particularly the _____, when questions about the self and about being human have begun to be asked
• Confucius philosophy, "Superior man" (Ethics of Confucius, 2014)


  In _____, the great Chines being will always desire to become the "_____", not just to his peers and followers, but also himself most especially (_____)
• Psychology


  Being the study of human thinking and behavior, serves as a foundation for personal development
• Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers


  The two proponents of humanistic psychology
• Abraham Maslow


  He theorized the five stages of human development based on a hierarchy of needs, peaking in what he termed as "self-actualization"
• Carl Rogers (1961)


  He theorized that "individual has within himself the capacity and the tendency, latent if not evident, to move forward toward maturity"
• 1. Self-actualization

  2. Esteem

  3. Love or Belonging

  4. Safety

  5. Physiological


  Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to Theorize the five stages of Human Development
• Martin Seligman


  A noted psychologist and president of the American Psychological Association, realized how psychology, puts more emphasis in diagnosing, treating and preventing psychological disorders and therefore focusing on a disease model of human nature
• Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikzentmihalyi


  They helped refocus this emphasis of psychology from a disease model toward what is good and positive about human persons and their desire to achieve their full potentials
• Peterson (2006)


  Positive psychology stresses that human nature has its good and positive strengths, as well as its inadequacies and weaknesses
• Adolescence


  It is the transition period between childhood and early adulthood
• 11 or 12, 18 (Fiest and Rosenberg, 2012)


  It is widely believed to be between ages ___ or ___, and lasting to about ___ years of age
• Corpuz, Lucas, Borabo, and Lucido (2010)


  In the Philippine Context, these authors defined the three stages of Adolescence
• 1. Early Adolescence

  2. Middle Adolescence

  3. Late Adolescence


  The three stages of Adolescence
• Early Adolescence


  Between 10 and 13 years of age
• Middle Adolescence


  Between 14 and 16 years of age
• Late Adolescence


  Between 17 and 20 years of age
• Puberty


  Adolescence starts with the biological changes called ____
• Socrates

  "Know Yourself"

  A bad man is not virtuous through ignorance; the man who does not follow the good fails to do so because he does not recognize it.

  
  

  Self-knowledge is the source of all wisdom, an individual may gain possesion of oneself and be one's own master through knowledge
• Virtue


  is the deepest and most basic propensity of man
• Plato


  "The Ideal Self, the Perfect Self"

  
  

  According to him, mas was omniscient or all-knowing before he came to be born into this world.

  
  

  Man in this life should imitate his former self; more specifically, he should life a life of virtue in which true human perfection exist
• Immanuel Kant


  "Respect for Self"

  Man is the only creature who governs and directs himself and his actions, who sets up for himself and his purpose, and who freely orders means for the attainment of his wims
• Rene Descartes


  "I think, therefore I am"

  His first famous principle was "Cogito, ergo sum"

  A man must use his own mind and thinking abilities to investigate, analyze, experiment, and develop himself
• John Locke


  "Personal Identity"

  
  

  He holds that personal identity (the self) is a matter of psychological continuity. It is a concept about oneself that evolves over the course of an individual's life