Change in Birth and Fertility rates

• Explain how changes in women’s position effect birth and fertility rates


  .Economic position-employment increases so less time for children so birth rates go down

  .Contraception-available in 1950s

  .Education-Women see other opportunities in life than housewife and mother and pursue a career instead
• What are some data values concerning the availability of co trace prion and how they reduce birth rates

  .condoms became widely available in 1950s

  .pill approved for use in 1961

  .available for single women in 1974
• How does the age of first time parenthood change birth and fertility rates

  .women who reached 30 without child has changed over time

  .50% of 39 yr old women have no children

  .if women are delaying children this reduces number of children they decide to have overall reducing fertility rate
• How does the Decline in Infant mortality rate change birth and fertility rates

  .parents have fewer children as its more likely they will survive to adulthood as a baby now has a higher chance of reaching 65 than a baby in 1900 had of reaching 1
• What are some statistics for Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

  .15% of babies died in their first year in 1900

  .IMR in 2022-3.9 declined from 12 in 1980
• Explain why there has been a decline in IMR

  .improved housing and living conditions

  .better nutrition

  .vaccines

  .NHS
• How is Children as an economic liability change birth and fertility rates

  .family is now a unit of consumption not production-children are now an economic liability

  .pester power-parent succumbs to child's request
• How has child centredness lead to a change in birth and fertility rates

  .families becoming more centred around needs of the children

  .children become more unique in families as theres less

  .parents more concerned with giving children more opportunities in life as well as more time and attention

  .more difficult to have more children as more expensive