Lymphatic System

• Interstitial Fluid


  Fluid that has leaked out of the circulatory system
• Protect against invasion


  Immunity
• Return _____ and leaked plasma proteins back to the circulation.

  interstitial fluid
• What system does the lymphatic system work closely with?

  Circulatory system
• _____, _____, and _____ that defend the body against environmental hazards and internal threats.

  Cells, tissues, organs
• Types of white blood cells


  Lymphocytes
• Lymphatics

  Lymphatic vessels
• Major organs of the lymphatic system

  Tonsils, spleen, lymph nodes
• Natural killer cells

  Lymphocytes
• Responds to

  invading pathogens, abnormal body cells, and foreign proteins
• Produced in the

  red bone marrow
• Liquid that resembles interstitial fluid

  Lymph
• Lymphocytes are surrounded by

  lymph
• General defensive response of the body to tissue injury


  Inflammation
• _____ is contained in the lymphatic vessels

  Lymph
• _____ confined to vessels of the cardiovascular system

  Blood
• During inflammation, lymph capillaries can absorb


  cell debris, pathogens, cancer cells
• Types of lymph vessels

  Lymphatic capillaries -> Lymphatic collecting vessels -> Lymphatic trunks -> Lymphatic ducts -> back into circulation
• _____ _____ act as a one-way system one-way system

  Lymphatic vessels
• Does not allow lymph to escape

  Lymphatic capillaries
• Have the same 3 tunics (layers) as blood vessels, ut have thinner walls and more valves

  Lymphatic collecting vessels
• Major trunks

  Lumbar (2), Bronchomediastinal (2), Subclavian (2), Jugular (2), Intestinal (1)
• Drains the upper right arm and right side of the head

  Right lymphatic duct
• Drains the rest of the body

  Thoracic duct
• A dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct into which lymph from the intestinal trunk and 2lumbar trunks flow


  Cisterna Chyli
• _____ is moved by continuous contraction of smooth muscle and pulsations of nearby arteries

  Lymph
• Function in the filtration of lymph

  Lymph nodes
• Flow of lymph

  Lymph capillary -> afferent lymphatic vessel -> lymph nodes -> efferent lymph vessels -> lymphatic trunk -> thoracic duct
• Bring lymph to the lymph nodes

  Afferent lymphatics
• Take lymph out of the lymph nodes (toward the veins)

  Efferent lymphatics
• Lymphoid organs

  Thymus gland, Peyer's Patch
• Large lymphoid nodules (clusters of lymphoid tissues) in walls of the pharynx

  Tonsils
• Three types of tonsils

  Pharyngeal tonsil (or adenoids), located on the posterior, superior wall of the nasopharynx. Palatine tonsils, located in the posterior, inferior margin of oral cavity along the boundary of pharynx. Lingual tonsils, deep to epithelium covering base of the tongue.
• Swollen tonsils from infection

  Tonsillitis
• _____ produces hormones important to the development of functional T cells

  Thymus gland
• Site of fetal erythrocyte production, same function for blood that lymph nodes perform for lymph (acts as a filter)

  Spleen
• Cluster of lymph tissue, found in the walls of the distal (end) portion of the small intestine

  Peyer's Patch
• Generalized swelling, and usually is non-malignant

  Lymphedema
• Ability to resist infection and disease

  Immunity
• The two types of immunities

  Non-specific (innate) immunity and Specific (adaptive or acquired) immunity