stats

• Variable

  Characteristics that is observable or measurable in every unit of universe
• Space

  Set of all possible outcome of an experiment
• Sample

  Subgroup of a population
• Discrete random variables

  • Number of days
  • Number of siblings
  • Number of text messages sent in a day
  • Usual daily allowance in a school
• Experiment


  Activity which can be done under similar conditions
• Random variable

  Function that associates a real number to each element in the sample space. It is a variable whose values are determined by chance
• Continuous random variables

  • Weight
  • Height
  • Body temperature
• Population

  Set of all possible values of a variable
• Data


  Values that the variables can assume
• Areas of Statistics

  • Descriptive Statistics
  • Inferential Statistics
• Scientific method


  Gathering information or data necessary to address a particular problem or concern
• Inferential Statistics

  Drawing inferences or conclusions, performing estimations and hypothesis tests, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions about the properties or characteristics of the data collected provided that the data collected is a part of a large set of items
• Universe

  The set of all entities under study
• Quantitative variables


  Numerical data whose size is meaningful, answer questions such as “how much” or “how many” and can be ordered or ranked
• Statistic

  Describe a characteristic of the sample or is a numerical summary measure pertaining to a sample/ information obtained from a sample
• Sample

  A group of subjects selected from a population or the subset of the population
• Discrete variables


  Those that can be counted
• Types of quantitative variables

  • Discrete variables
  • Continuous variables
• Continuous variables


  Those that can be measured and often include fractions and decimals
• Qualitative (categorical) variables


  Categorical since it does not strictly take on numeric values, can be placed into distinct categories according to some characteristic or attribute
• Using the scientific method has been proven effective in solving problems and improving performance
• Data


  Actual measures, values, or information gathered about the sample or the population
• Types of variables

  • Qualitative (categorical) variables
  • Quantitative variables
• Parameter

  Numerical measures that describe the population of interest
• Statistics


  A science that deals with the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of quantitative data to arrive at a conclusion
• Being familiar with the terminologies used in studying statistics is a must
• Descriptive Statistics

  Describing the characteristics and properties of the data collected
• Population


  The set of all possible values of the variable
• Data are the values that the variables can assume. Variable is a characteristics that is observable or measurable in every unit of universe. Experiment is any activity which can be done under similar conditions. Space is the set of all possible outcome of an experiment. Population is the set of all possible values of a variable. Sample is a subgroup of a population.