Digestive enzymes

• What do enzymes do ?

  they catalyse (speed up ) chemical reactions
• What are enzymes ?

  large protein molecules and they have a groove on their surface
• What is an active site ?


  its where substrates attaches to
• What is a substrate ?


  a molecule that the enzymes breaks down
• What is the lock and key theory ?

  its when the substrate fits the active site
• What would happen if the substrate does not fit the active site ?

  the reaction wont catalyse
• What is protein broken down by ?

  Proteases
• Where are proteases found ?

  in the stomach,pancreas,and small intestine
• Proteins are long chains of chemicals called amino acids
• What happens when protein is digested ?

  protease enzymes convert the protein into individual amino acids and are absorbed into the bloodstream
• What happens when amino acids are absorbed into the body cells ?

  they are joined together in different order to make human proteins
• What does starch consist of ?


  a chain of glucose
• What are carbohydrates broken down into ?

  Carbohydrases (amylase)
• Where is amylase found ?

  in the saliva and pancreatic fluid
• What does a lipid molecules consist of ?

  a molecule called glycerol attached to three molecules of fatty acids
• Lipid molecules are digested by the enzyme lipase,which produces glycerol and fatty acids
• Where can you find lipase ?

  in the pancreatic fluid and in the small intestine
• Where is bile made ?

  in the liver
• Where is bile stored ?

  gall bladder
• BILE IS NOT AN ENZYME
• Bile converts large lipid droplets into smaller droplets
• Bile emulsifies,increasing the surface area of the lipid droplets
• Bile is an alkaline,what does that do to the small intestine ?


  it neutralises stomach acid and creates alkaline conditions in the small intestine