TCP/IP Protocol Summary

• Protocol


  A set of rules governing communication in a network and between computers.
• Network Port


  A combination of source and destination information for communication between computers.
• TCP


  Transmission Control Protocol used for emails and web browsing. Slower but more reliable. Uses three-way handshake and flags for reliable connection establishment.
• UDP


  User Datagram Protocol for real-time streaming and applications. Unreliable and faster, but not as reliable as TCP.
• HTTP


  Standard internet/webpage access protocol, default port 80.
• HTTPS


  Hyper Text Transport Protocol Secure for encrypted sensitive data, port 443.
• FTP


  File transferring protocol, port 21.
• SFTP


  Secure File Transfer Protocol, port 22.
• Telnet


  Teletype network protocol used to remote into another device via remote or console, port 23.
• SSH

  Secure Shell protocol using 3DES encryption to secure remote data, port 22.
• RDP


  Remote Desktop Protocol, port 3389, for remote access into another computer via GUI.
• POP3


  Post Office Protocol V3, an older protocol for receiving email, default port 110.
• IMAP


  Internet Message Access Protocol v4 responsible for receiving email, email is stored on the server and sync to multiple devices, port 143.
• SMTP


  Simple Message Transport Protocol responsible for sending email, port 25.
• DHCP


  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices, ports 67, 68.
• DNS


  Domain Name Service that resolves or translates domain names to IP addresses, port 53.
• SMB


  Server Message Block. Share files and printers. Port 137 - 139
• SNMP


  Simple Network Management Protocol. Monitors network. Port 161
• LDAP


  Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. Allows for directory services to store/authenticate passwords, usernames, accounts and share them over the network. Port 389