Lesson 4

• Formulate Hypothesis


  A hypothesis is a theoretical statement in solving a logical relationship between variables. It should be based on the problem being solved
• Steps in conducting the research

  1. Define the Research Problem

  2. Review the Literature

  3. Formulate Hypothesis

  4. Prepare the Research Design

  5. Collect Data

  6. Analyze Data

  7. Interpret and Report the Findings
• Review the Literature


  • The researcher reviews previous studies conducted about English language proficiency and the experienced difficulties of aspiring maritime students
• Define the Research Problem

  To begin your research, you must look at a significant real-life problem. Factors like area of interest, availability of fund, socio-economic significance of the study, and the safety measures to be undertaken should be considered in finding and defining the research problem
• Interpret and Report the Findings

  Put the information in perspective and present the solution to the proposed problem based on the findings of the investigation
• Review the Literature


  Read various publications or surf the internet to become aware of the previous works already done about the chosen topic. You may utilize different resources like science books, magazines, journals, newspapers, or even the internet
• Prepare the Research Design


  Identify what is the best means to collect and analyze data in the study to clarify and improve the research problem, purpose, and questions
• Analyze Data


  Utilize strategies and methods that make sense of the data to answer the research problem
• Collect Data


  Use an appropriate data collection method to elicit the needed information
• Rao, 2017: 'is a systematic manner in which the researcher approaches his/her area of study to produce knowledge that the community will consider to be worthwhile within the field'
• Analyze Data


  • The researcher analyzes the data by drawing patterns and themes from the generated data
• Prepare the Research Design

  • The researcher uses an experimental design on exploring the experiences of the students in implementing EOP
• Collect Data


  • The researcher collects data through interview and focus group discussion
• Formulate Hypothesis


  • The researcher hypothesizes that the implementation of English-Only Policy (EOP) in the classroom can improve the English language proficiency of Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime students
• Define the Research Problem

  • The researcher identifies English language proficiency as a problem of aspiring maritime students in qualifying for admission to prestigious maritime institutions
• Interpret and Report the Findings


  • The researcher interprets and reports the findings based on the collected and analyzed data to solve the research problem
• Research Process

  1. Define the Research Problem

  2. Review the Literature

  3. Formulate Hypothesis

  4. Prepare the Research Design

  5. Collect Data

  6. Analyze Data

  7. Interpret and Report the Findings
• Phases of the research process

  • Conceptual phase
  • Design and planning phase
  • Empirical phase
  • Analytic phase
  • Dissemination phase