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• Major endocrine glands in the body

  • Pituitary
  • Thyroid
  • Parathyroid
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal
  • Pancreas
  • Ovaries
  • Testes
• The table below shows the major endocrine glands in the body, with their respective functions, locations, and hormone secretions
• The pituitary gland secretes hormones such as Oxytocin, Growth Hormones (GH), Prolactin (PRL), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), Antidiuretic hormone (AH)
• The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete different types of hormones that affect almost every cell, organ, and function of our body
• The pituitary gland produces hormones that stimulate growth, and controls the functions of other glands
• The major endocrine glands in the body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes
• Endocrine system hormones

  1. Hormones are organic substances released by the glands of the endocrine system directly into the bloodstream

  2. Hormones are capable of changing the physiological and metabolic behaviors of their target cells to maintain homeostasis
• Parathyroid


  Produces hormones that control the calcium levels in your body, and normalizes bone growth
• Reproductive


  Produces hormones that control maturation of sperm and development of the secondary male sexual characteristics; Produces hormones that influence development of the secondary female sexual characteristics, and maturation of the egg cells and ovulation
• Endocrine System


  Illustrated by: Queenie Joy V. Alcantara
• Adrenal

  Produces hormones that affect metabolism, immune system and blood pressure, stress reaction
• Pituitary gland


  Controls the functions of both the testes and ovaries
• Female reproductive system


  Follicles produce estrogen that controls the growth and release of eggs from the ovaries; Progesterone prepares the uterus for the fertilized egg to grow in it
• A human being depends on reproduction for continued production of species
• Pineal


  Produces a hormone that regulates the biological clock in some animals
• Hormones

  • Growth Hormone (GH)
  • Prolactin (PRL)
  • Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  • Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
  • Antidiuretic hormone (AH)
  • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
  • Thyroid hormone
  • Parathormone
  • Thymosin
  • Adrenaline
  • Insulin
  • Glucagon
  • Testosterone
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
  • Melatonin
• Pancreas


  Produce hormones that regulate blood sugar levels
• Thyroid


  Produces hormones that regulate body metabolism, and storage of calcium in bones
• If humans stop to reproduce, the human species would become extinct
• Thymus


  Produces hormones that enable the body to produce T cells before puberty
• Male reproductive system

  Pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) which stimulate the production of sperm and testosterone
• Hormonal imbalance may lead to endocrine disorders such as Osteoporosis, Goiter, and Gigantism
• Consumption of sugar-rich foods

  1. Gland: Pancreas

  2. Hormone: Insulin
• Gigantism is a disorder in childhood associated with abnormal increase in height due to too much secretion of growth hormones
• Egg maturation

  1. Gland: Ovary

  2. Hormone: Unknown
• Male reproductive glands

  Lie in the scrotum, secrete hormones called testosterone which affect male characteristics such as development of secondary sexual characteristics and sperm production
• Adam’s apple becomes bigger

  1. Gland: Thyroid

  2. Hormone: Unknown
• Dwarfism is a condition resulting in short stature due to insufficient production of growth hormones in the pituitary gland
• Building up of the immune system by T-cell production

  1. Gland: Thymus

  2. Hormone: Thymosin
• Goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, resulting from the underproduction or overproduction of thyroid hormones
• Extra strength during fires

  1. Gland: Adrenal

  2. Hormone: Adrenaline
• The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete chemicals called hormones that control various body processes. This control system usually brings about slow changes in the body because hormones move through the circulatory system. The major glands in the body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes
• Female reproductive glands


  Produce estrogen and progesterone which cause the development of female sexual characteristics, breast enlargement, and regulation of menstruation and pregnancy
• The endocrine system plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy life
• The endocrine system helps in maintaining homeostasis
• Functions of the endocrine system


  • Regulate body’s growth
  • Makes hormones that control your moods
  • Sends hormones into your bloodstream
  • Helps control metabolism
• Correct pairing of a dysfunction and the involved endocrine gland

  Goiter: Thyroid
• Osteoporosis is a disorder in which bones become fragile and breakable
• The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development
• Glands of the endocrine system and their functions

  • Adrenal gland - Produces adrenaline
  • Pituitary gland - Produces hormones that stimulate growth
  • Pancreas - Produces insulin
  • Thyroid - Produces hormones that regulate body metabolism
  • Reproductive glands - Ovaries produce estrogen, Testes produce testosterone