ex. 30 [anatomy of heart]
Cards (32)
- heart: located in mediastinum of thorax
- heart apex extends slightly left and rests on diaphragm
- heart enclosed in fibrous pericardium -> parietal layer (serous fluid) -> visceral pericardium
- serous fluid in heart sacs allow for frictionless environment
- epicardium: outer layer, aka visceral pericardium
- myocardium: middle layer and thickest layer; cardiac muscle; reinforced by cardiac skeleton which is thicker at heart valves and base of great vessels leaving heart
- endocardium: inner lining of heart, covers heart valves and continuous with inner lining of great vessels
- atria are receiving chambers
- ventricles are discharging chambers
- AV valves: prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular systole
- SL valves: valves that open and close to allow blood to flow in one direction; between ventricle and great vessel
- tricuspid valve: valve between the right atrium and right ventricle with three flaps anchored to papillary muscle via chordae tendineae
- mitral valve: valve between left atrium and left ventricle with two flaps anchored to papillary muscles by chordae tendineae
- AV open when blood flowing into atria and ventricles relaxed
- ventricles contract, blood compressed and AV closes
- pulmonary valve: three pocketlike cusps between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
- aortic valve: three pocketlike cusps between left ventricle and aorta
- SL valves open and flat when ventricular contraction pushes blood to great vessels
- ventricle relaxes, blood flows back to ventricle and cusps fill with blood to close it
- pulmonary circuit provides for gas exchange; carry blood to lungs
- systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood to all body tissues
- flow through pulmonary circuit
- vena cavae
- coronary sinus
- right atrium
- tricuspid valve
- right ventricle
- pulmonary valve
- pulmonary trunk
- pulmonary arteries
- lungs
- pulmonary veins
- flow through systemic circuit
- pulmonary veins
- left atrium
- mitral valve
- left ventricle
- aortic valve
- aorta
- systemic arteries -> body tissues
- coronary arteries: supply the heart with oxygenated blood from the aorta
- coronary veins: carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
- right marginal artery supplies lateral right side of heart
- posterior interventricular artery supplies posterior ventricles and septum; near apex merges with anterior interventricular aretery
- anterior interventricular artery supplies anterior portion of septum and anterior walls of ventricles
- circumflex artery supplies left atrium and posterior portion of left ventricle
- great cardiac veins drains anterior portions of right and left ventricles
- middle cardiac vein drains posterior portions of right and left ventricles
- small cardiac vein drains lateral right ventricle
- coronary sinus drains entire heart; great, middle and small cardiac veins drain here
- anterior cardiac veins drain into right atrium