Hughes's 'Policeman Doll study'

• What ages were the children in Hughes's study?

  3½ to 5 years old
• What was the purpose of the intersecting walls in Hughes's model?

  Hide one boy doll
• How was the child's understanding of the task ensured?

  Hide boy from policeman doll
• What percentage of children could hide the boy doll from two policemen?

  90%
• What percentage of 3-year-olds hid the boy doll correctly in the complex model?

  60%
• What percentage of 4-year-olds hid the boy doll correctly in the complex model?

  90%
• What did Hughes' study conclude about egocentrism in 4-year-olds?

  Mostly not egocentric
• Why did Hughes believe Piaget underestimated younger children's abilities?

  Task didn't make sense
• What aspect of cognitive development did Hughes agree with Piaget on?

  Thinking changes with age
• What made Hughes' task more realistic for children?

  Hiding from a policeman
• What is a potential weakness of the naughty policeman task?

  Researchers expectations
• How might researcher expectations have influenced the children's behavior?

  Unconsciously have given the children cues
• What did Hughes' study challenge about Piaget's original study?

  Confused young children