Nitrogen Group

• Nitrogen

  • AKA: Mephitic Air or Azole (without life)
  • Nitrogen constitutes approximately 78% by volume of the atmosphere.
• By volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.
• Zyklon B (Hydrogen Cyanide- HCN) is used in gas chambers at Nazi concentration camps from 1941 to systematically murder far more than one million victims.
• Artificial Atmosphere is composed of:

  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Helium
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Nitrous oxide
• Nitrogen

  • Inert atmosphere for readily oxidizable substances (very stable gas)
  • Liquid Nitrogen is use as a refrigerant
  • Stored in a black container
• Nitrous Oxide (NO) is also known as... 


  Nitrogen Monoxide or Laughing Gas
• Nitrous Oxide

  • Small concentration: Causes laughter
  • High concentration: General/ Systemic Anesthetic
  • Stored in a blue container
• Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia is also known as:

  • Spirit of Hartshorn
  • Spirit of Sal Volatile
• Use of Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia

  Respiratory stimulant
• Asoge 


  Mercury
• Azofre


  S
• Phosphorus

  • Greek meaning: “Light, I bear”
  • AKA: St. Elmo’s Fire, Light Carrier
• White phosphorus or yellow phosphorus

  • Poisonous
  • Used in making explosives
  • Causes necrosis (Phossy Jaw)
• Red phosphorus

  • Non-poisonous
  • Non-flammable
  • Found in Stricker pad
• Manifestation of Phosphorus Toxicity

  Garlic Odor Breath
• Antidote for Phosphorus Toxicity

  Copper sulfate
• Scarlet Phosphorus


  Obtained by heating phosphorus tribromide with mercury at 240C
• Violet Phosphorus


  Obtained by heating white phosphorus with sodium at 200C.
• Metallic or Black Phosphorus

  Obtained by heating phosphorus with lead at 530C
• Use of Phosphate

  • Antacid
  • Cathartic
• Phosphine (PH3)

  A colorless poisonous gas with an odor of rotten fish.
• Arsenic

  • AKA: Lewisite Metal
  • Winford Lee Lewisite
  • Arsenic trichloride and acetylene (When combined, it can result to Lewisite, which is also call the Dew of Death)
• Arsenic


  The choice of professional killers because it is colorless, odorless, and tasteless.
• Manifestation of Arsenic Toxicity

  Mee's Line
• Antidote for Arsenic Toxicity

  BAL or Dimercaprol (2,3- Dimercaptopropanol)
• Arsenic was used by Paul Ehrlich to treat Syphilis.

  • Paul Ehrlich is the Father of Chemotherapy
  • Arsphenamine, also known as Salvarsan or Compound 606, is a drug that was introduced at the beginning of the 1910 as the first effective treatment for syphilis.
• Toxicity of Arsenic upon cells is due to “tying up” effect that it has on -SH (sulfhydryl) groups in the tissue. These sulfhydryl compounds (e.g., glutathione) are essential to normal oxidation-reduction in the tissues.
• Arsenic is a protoplasmic poison. It is toxic to all organism/living things
• Aqua Tofana – Guilia Tofana


  Overdose of Arsenic, Lead, and Belladonna.
• Reinsch Test

  Copper + HCl + As (Heat) → Copper will be coated with steel-gray deposit.
• Marsh Test

  A highly sensitive method in the detection of Arsenic.
• Fleitmann Test

  An obsolete test for Arsenic
• Gutzeit’s Test

  A modification of the Marsh Test, wherein the Arsine is detected by means of silver nitrate or a Mercury (II) salt
• The indicator used for the USP limit test for arsenic is Ag diethyldithiocarbamate.
• Other Name for Copper Acetoarsenite [Cu (AsO2)2]3∙Cu(C2H3O2)2]

  Paris Green

  Schweinfurth Green

  Imperial Green

  Vienna Green

  Parrot Green
• Use of Copper Acetoarsenite

  Insecticide
• Other Name for Cupric Hydrogen Arsenite (CuHAsO3)

  • Scheele’s Green
  • Scheele’s Mineral
  • Swedish Green
• Cupric Hydrogen Arsenite

  It was used to color wallpaper but it was prohibited by law due to toxic effect of arsenic.
• Arsenic Trioxide (As2O3)

  • Very toxic.
  • Primary standard in the preparation of ceric sulfate.
  • Use: Respiratory stimulant
• Amorphous Arsenic Trioxide

  Vitreous/Glassy