(2) Bonding, structure and properties of matter

Created by

gracey poo

Cards (33)

Give properties of ionic compounds
giant
strong bonds
dissolves in water
conducts when in liquid state
high mp and bp
Give properties of small molecules
covalent bonds which are very strong
weak intermolecular bonds
simple covalent molecules
low melting points
Give properties of giant covalent structures
very high melting point
high boiling point
most do not conduct (graphite exception)
what is a polymer? 
a long chain of small molecules
Give properties of polymers
weak intermolecular forces
strong covalent bonds
high melting points because there are many chains linked together
Name 3 giant covalent structures
diamond, graphite and silicon dioxide
Give properties of alloys
harder and stronger
Why are alloys harder + stronger?
the other atoms disrupt the regular layers of ions and makes it difficult for them to slide past each other
What is an alloy? 
a mixture of metal and another elemnt
What is a metallic bond? 
the electrostatic attractions between a lattice of positive metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons
What are delocalised electrons? 
electrons that are lost from the outer shell of the metal and are free to move around
Give some properties of metals
high mp
conduct heat and electricity
malleable
ductile (can we drawn into wires)
What is a covalent bond?
the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the positive charged nuclei of atoms in the bond
What are the limitations of displayed formula and dot and cross diagrams?
doesn't show 3D shape
What are the limitations of a ball and stick diagram?
it's not to scale
What is a chemical bond?
an electrostatic attraction between a positive and a negative particle
What is the structure of ionic compounds?
giant ionic lattice
What direction are the attractions between positive and negative ions in a giant ionic lattice?
all directions
Give two properties of nanoparticles
high SA:Volume ratio
between 1-100 nm in size
Give uses of nanoparticles
medicine
cosmetics
electronics
catalysts
How are nanoparticles used in medicine?
deliver drugs to specific body parts
How are nanoparticles used in cosmetics
absorb into skin easily so use din suncreams and deodrant
How are nanoparticles used in electronics?
conductive for chips
How are nanoparticles used as catalysts? 
Speed up reactions
Give a disadvantage of nanoparticles
very new so unknown risks
Give the unique properties of graphene
low density
strong
good conductor
flexible
Give properties of fullerenes.
high tensile strength
layer of delocalised electrons so conducts
unreactive
large SA:volume ratio
Give uses of fullerenes
reinforce sport equipment
good conductors of electricity
deliver drugs into body because unreactive
lubrication and catalysts
Give properties of graphite
conducts due to delocalised electrons which move between layers
weak intermolecular forces between layers
strong covalent bonds
high mp
soft as it has sliding layers
Give properties of diamond
very hard
high mp
doesn't conduct as all electrons are fixed
What is graphite arranged in layers of?
hexagons
How many carbon bonds does graphite have?
3
Why can graphite conduct?
has 3 bonds so 1 free electron