Glucose

• Important Characteristics

  • Control of the effects of adjacent units on each other
  • Consideration of data to be collected
  • Selection of treatments
  • Selection of experimental materials
  • Selection of experimental designs
  • Outlining statistical analysis over summarization of results
• Scientific Research Method


  Systematized procedure inquiring the knowledge
• Types of Research based on purpose

  • Basic Research - Directed towards the increase of knowledge in science (Domain-Driven)
  • Applied Research - Existing research for more validation (Demand-Driven)
  • Action Research focused on the immediate application, in Participatory Practical
• Important Characteristics

  • Control of the effects of adjacent units on each other
  • Consideration of data to be collected
  • Selection of treatments
  • Selection of experimental materials
  • Selection of experimental designs
  • Outlining statistical analysis over summarization of results
• Important Characteristics

  • Implicity
  • Defining the problem
  • Statement of objectives
• Types of Research based on procedure

  • Historical Research - describes what was
  • Descriptive Research - describes what is
  • Experimental Research - describes what will be when
• Steps in Experimentation

  1. Defining the problem

  2. Statement of objectives

  3. Control of the effects of adjacent units on each other

  4. Consideration of data to be collected

  5. Selection of treatments

  6. Selection of experimental materials

  7. Selection of experimental designs

  8. Outlining statistical analysis over summarization of results

  9. Conducting the experiment
• Science is objective, accurate, systematic, analysts of a determinate study of empirical data
• Important Characteristics

  • Defining the problem
  • Statement of objectives
• Manhein (1977): 'Science is an objective, accurate, systematic analysis of a determinate body of empirical data in order to discover recurring relationships among phenomena'
• Systematic


  Methodological, thorough, and regular in procedure; involving many kinds of classificatory schemes
• Manhein (1977): 'Research is the careful, diligent, and exhaustive investigation of specific subject matter, aiming to advance mankind's knowledge'
• Analysis


  Concerned with the identification and study of the component parts or elements that make up the things being studied
• Objective

  Unbiased, unprejudiced, detached, impersonal; viewing things as they are
• Science


  Systematized knowledge and the procedures by which knowledge is acquired
• Scientific research method refers to a systematized procedure in acquiring knowledge, freeing humankind from ignorance that once promoted fear, mysticism, superstition, and illness
• Accurate


  Striving to be definite, precise, and exact
• Types of Research

  • Basic Research
  • Applied Research
  • Action Research
  • Historical Research
  • Descriptive Research
  • Experimental Research
• Determinate


  Relatively agreed-upon defined traits or boundaries specifying what kind of things or boundaries are studied
• Hypothesis


  An imaginative preconception of a factual relationship derived from meaningful observations
• Scientific research method


  Systematized procedure in acquiring knowledge that has freed humankind from ignorance, fear, mysticism, superstition, and illness
• Four basic components of scientific research

  • Observation
  • Hypothesis
  • Experimentation
  • Interpretation
• Experimentation in scientific research

  Researcher makes things happen through experimentation
• Steps in Experimentation

  1. Defining the problem

  2. Statement of objectives

  3. Selection of treatments

  4. Selection of experimental materials

  5. Selection of experimental designs

  6. Selection of units for observation and the number of replication

  7. Control of the effects of adjacent units

  8. Consideration of data to be collected

  9. Outlining statistical analysis and summarization of results

  10. Conducting the experiment

  11. Analyzing data and interpreting results

  12. Preparation of complete, readable, and correct report of the research
• Interpretation in scientific research


  Developing meaning from data that results from testing a hypothesis
• Observation in scientific research

  Helps define problems
• The scientific research method follows seven standard procedures for conducting research
• Characteristics of a well-planned experiment

  • Simplicity
  • Degree of precision
  • Absence of systematic error
  • Range of validity of conclusions
  • Calculation of degree of uncertainty