Transition elements

• What is a transition metal?

  A metal that forms stable ions with a partially filled subshell
• What is a d block element?

  Elements with their highest energy electron resides in a d orbital
• What is a ligand?

  A molecule that donates an electron pair to a transition metal
• What is a bidentate ligand?

  A ligand that donates two pairs of electrons to a transition metal
• What is a monodentate ligand?

  A ligand that is able to donate one pair of electrons to a transition metal
• What is a cis-trans isomerism?

  Where the two identical ligands are next to each other (cis) or opposite each other (trans)
• What is optical isomerism?

  Where two molecules are non-superimposable mirror images
• What is an example of a cis-trans square planar complex?

  Cisplatin and transplatin
• How is cisplatin used as anti-cancer drug/

  Undergoes ligand substitution reaction where guanine replaces chlorine preventing DNA replication
• How to name transition metal complexes

  - Identify ligands in order

  - Identify number of ligands and use prefixes mono, di

  - Place ligands in alphabetical order

  - If positive, use TM name and numeral

  - If negative, use -ate name
• Negative transition metal names for copper, silver and iron

  Cuprate

  Arganate

  Ferrate
• Name two bidentate ligands

  Ethandioate and 1,2 diethylamine
• Formula for ethandioate

  [C2O4]4-
• Formula for 1,2-diethylamine

  H2NCH2CH2NH2
• What colour is Cu2+(aq)?

  Pale blue solution
• What colour is Cu2+(aq) when OH is added?

  Cu(OH)2 - blue precipitate
• What colour is Cu2+(aq) in excess OH?

  Deep blue solution
• What colour is Cu2+(aq) in excess NH3?

  Dark blue solution
• What ion is formed from adding excess HCl to Cu2+(aq)?

  [CuCl4}2-
• What colour is [CuCl4]2-(aq)?

  Yellow
• What colour is Mn2+(aq)?

  Pale pink
• What colour is Mn2+(aq) when OH is added?

  Light brown
• What colour is Mn2+(aq) when excess OH is added?

  Dark brown
• What colour is Mn2+(aq) when NH3 is added?

  Light brown
• What colour is Mn2+(aq) when excess NH3 is added?

  Dark brown
• What colour is Fe2+(aq)?

  Pale green
• What colour is Fe2+(aq) when OH is added?

  Green precipitate
• What colour is Fe3+(aq) ?

  Yellow
• What colour is Fe3+(aq) when OH is added?

  Orange-brown
• What colour is Cr3+(aq)?

  Purple
• What colour is Cr3+(aq) when OH is added?

  Grey-green
• What colour is Cr3+(aq) when excess OH is added?

  Dark green
• What colour is Cr3+(aq) when NH3 is added?

  Grey-green
• What colour is Cr3+(aq) when excess NH3 is added?

  Purple