synovial joints

• hinge joints- allow movement in 1 direction. Elbow, knee and ankles are typical examples. Exercise E.g: bicep curls
• ball and socket joint- The round end of the bone fits into a cup shaped socket in the other bone, allowing movement in all directions. examples are hip and shoulders. sport E.g: when you throw a javelin, your shoulder performs flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation and circumduction
• condyloid joint- similar to ball and socket, a bump on one bone sits inn the hollow formed by another. movement is allowed in 2 places; forward and back and side to side. ligaments often preventing rotation. sport E.g: wrist action in basketball whilst dribbling,
• gliding joint-allows limited movement over a flat surface in all directions, but movement is restricted by ligaments or a bony prominence. E.g: tarsals during a netball jump with foot pointing down
• saddle joint- similar to condyloid but have concave and convex surfaces (looks like a saddle).allows movement forwards and backwards and side to side. It is found at the base of the thumb. Sport E.g: grip of a tennis racket
• pivot joint- allows movement in one direction (rotation) found in neck between the atlas and the axis. sport E.g: when swimming and turning neck to take a breath
• synovial joints are freely movable joints and most limbs are synovial and consist of 2 or more bones with articular cartilage at the ends.
• synovial joints contain a synovial cavity surrounded by a synovial capsule and membrane. It secretes synovial fluid which lubricates and nourishes the joint. capsule held together by ligaments
• the function of the synovial joint is for movement. The ligaments also help to prevent dislocation