School

• Formidable


  Causing fear or awe
• Provoke


  To cause a negaƟve reacƟon
• Editorial


  • A newspaper arƟcle expressing the editor's opinion on an issue
  • The editorial opened my eyes to the reality of the fishing industry
• AtrociƟes

  Extremely terrible acts, oŌen involving injury
• DiscriminaƟon


  Prejudice towards different categories of people
• Inevitable


  Certain to happen and unavoidable
• Structure / Form

  1. Polysyndeton

  2. Anaphora

  3. Parallelism

  4. AnƟthesis

  5. Hypophora
• Nefarious

  Evil or criminal
• Key Vocabulary

  • DefiniƟon
  • Example
• Incompetent


  Not showing the right skills
• DisproporƟonate


  A difference that is unfair or unreasonable
• Moral/Morality


  The principle of right and wrong
• Language

  • Power of three
  • EmoƟve language
  • Rhetorical quesƟons
  • RepeƟƟon
  • Shocking imagery
  • Use of imperaƟves
  • Anecdotes
  • StaƟsƟcs and facts
  • Inclusive language
  • Over exaggeraƟon and opinion
  • Nice to reader
• A food web can be used to understand how different species within an ecosystem may affect each other's populations in terms of their food resources
• Photosynthesis equations

  1. Carbon Dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen

  2. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
• Rapid growth of the human population leads to increased resource usage, waste, and pollution
• Photosynthesis


  1. The Sun is the source of energy for all living organisms

  2. Green plants and algae absorb light and make glucose by the chemical process of photosynthesis

  3. Plants use glucose to make their carbohydrates, proteins, and oils
• Plants often compete with each other for light, space, water, and nutrients from the soil
• We can investigate how light intensity affects the rate of photosynthesis using specific apparatus
• Animals often compete with each other for food, mates, and territory
• Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one pair determining male (XY) or female (XX)
• The most common peppered moth changed color due to pollution, showing adaptation
• Sexual reproduction relies on meiosis cell division to produce sex cells that fuse during fertilization, while asexual reproduction only requires mitosis to produce offspring
• A disadvantage of selective breeding is the loss of variation and potential health issues due to inbreeding
• Pollution of the environment can occur in air, water, and on land, affecting the ecosystem
• There are two types of reproduction: sexual and asexual
• A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein
• In natural selection, individuals with features best adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and breed successfully
• Genetic engineering involves manipulating an organism's genes to introduce desired traits
• Producers

  Organisms who can produce their own glucose by photosynthesis
• An adaptation is a feature that helps an organism to survive in its environment and compete for the resources available
• Carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide to be used by plants in photosynthesis
• Evidence supporting the theory of evolution includes fossils and similarities between species
• The genetic material in the nucleus of a cell is made of DNA contained in chromosomes
• Artificial selection (selective breeding) is the process by which humans choose which plants or animals breed together to produce desired features
• Environmental changes can affect how well an animal or plant can compete, caused by abiotic or biotic factors
• Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection states that all species of living things have evolved from simple life forms over three billion years ago
• Risks of genetic engineering

  • Long term health effects
  • Loss of natural biodiversity
• A disadvantage of selective breeding is that species lose variation and become too genetically similar due to inbreeding, leading to health issues
• Energy transfers

  • Mechanical - a force moving an object through a distance
  • Electrical - charges moving due to a potential difference
  • Heating - due to temperature difference caused electrically or by chemical reaction
  • Radiation - energy transferred as a wave, e.g. light