Cardiovascular System

• Homeostasis


  A constant internal balance within the body
• Plasma


  Liquid part of blood

  55%

  Transparent yellow
• Thrombocytes


  Essential role in blood clotting
• Erythrocytes 


  Contain Haemoglobin allows oxygen to be transported around the body
• Functions of the blood

  Transportation - (RBC)

  Protection - Heat regulation, defence, clotting
• Arteries


  Largest blood vessel

  Carries oxygenated blood from the heart
• Arterioles


  Smaller

  Carry oxygenated blood from the heart
• Capillaries

  One cell thick

  Allows gas exchange to occur

  Blood seeps out to surround cells
• Venules

  Contain valves

  Carry de-oxygenated blood back to the heart
• Veins 


  Large, thin walled vessels

  Return deoxygenated blood back towards the heart
• Systemic Circulation

  Blood leaves the heart, services body cells and then re entered the heart
• Pulmonary Circulation

  De-oxygenated blood leaves the heart, goes to the lungs and then re enters the heart as oxygenated blood
• Portal Circulation


  Circulation of blood from the small intestine to the liver
• Cardiac Cycle


  Refers to a complete heartbeat
• Diastole


  Contraction of left and right atria as blood is allowed through valves
• Systole


  Contraction of the ventricles as the right ventricles pushes deoxygenated blood to lungs
• Factors effecting blood pressure

  Diabetes

  Unhealthy diet

  Obesity

  Too much alcohol

  Tobacco Use
• Factors effecting Pulse Rate

  Age

  Fitness + Activity Levels

  Aid Tempreture

  Emotions
• Normal blood pressure

  120/80mm
• Blood Pressure


  The force of your blood as it pushes against the walls of the arteries.

  Systolic - Maximum pressure in an artery

  Diastilic - Pressure is lowest in an artery when heart is resting
• Pathologies


  DVT

  Brusing

  Hypertension

  Hypotension

  Varicose Viens