unit 2

• What was the Gin Craze?

  Huge problem with the growth of alehouses, distilllers were encouraged in England until it began to be hard to police at it was done in secret.
• What were the impacts of the gin craze?

  Serious health issues, crime went up, families ruined.
• 1729 Gin Act


  5 shilling tax and £20 annual tax
• 1736 Gin Act


  20 shilling tax and £50 annual licence.
• 1743 Gin Act


  Restricted to ale houses, not enforced.
• 1751 Gin Act


  Harsher punishments like whipping, imprinsonment and transportation.
• Which Gin Act was effective?

  1751 Gin Act
• Why did the poor turn to gin?

  To cope with misery from poor living conditions and a lack of work.
• The poor ate meat as an occasional treat. Pottage continued to be widely eaten. Wages were barely enough and starving often led to death.
• The rich ate lots of meat and white bread. They ate small amount of vegetables and lots of ale. New products like chillies became avaliable.
• Overhanging top stories on houses continued to be popular for the rich. Ai rpollution was a problem causing respiritory diseases and overcorwing was an issue. Animls crowed the streets and covered them in excreetment.
• Inside waste was put outside homes and collected by scavengers. Privies continued to leak into cellars of houses, scavengers cleared cesspits every 2-3 years. Dunghills of waste and excreetment were tipped into rivers.
• Water was still collected from spring, streams and wells as well as conduits and water sellers. All water was unsafe. Water from conduits was contaminated with lead from lead pipes.
• The plague was terrifying because...

  No one understood it, it never went away, high chances of death and loved ones died.
• Responses to the plague were...

  Seeking a cure, running away, avioding the sick, sticking together, turning to God (church attendance increased).
• What year was Henry 8 proclaimation?

  1518
• What did the 1518 Henry 8 proclimation focus on?

  Isolation and contagion (carrying around a white stick).
• When was Elizabeth 1st plague orders

  1578
• What was included in the 1578 plague orders?

  Money should be collected at church, all family must quarantine, quarantine was extended, tar barrells burnt.
• What was included in the 1604 plague act?

  Harsher punishments like whipping and hanging meant that plague orders could not be ignored.
• Local government- Cambridge
• What did Cambridge do to prevent plague?

  Bills of mortality, streets cleaned, certificates of health.
• Filth and Fines (1500-1670)

  Aldermen in York:

  fined for waste at night, no household waste out before 7pm, no privies over streams.
• Room for improvement (1670-1750)

  Oil burning lamps, streets paved, sewages still a problem.