particle model of matter

• solids

  • particles are very close
  • regular pattern
  • vibrate
• liquids

  • particles are close together
  • not arranged in a regular pattern
  • particles can move around each other
• gas

  • very far apart
  • not arranged in any pattern
  • moving very rapidly
• density tells us the mass of a material for the given volume
• • solids have a high density because they are packed together (polystyrene has a low density)
  • liquids have a high density because particles are close together
  • gases have low density because the particles are very far away from each other
• internal energy is the energy stored in a system by the particles
• specific latent heat of fusion is the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid with no change in temperature
• specific latent heat of vaporisation is the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from a liquid to a vapour with no change in temperature