GEN CHEM 1

• The prefixes "mono-" (one), "di-" (two), "tri-" (three), etc., are used to indicate the number of substituents on an element.
• Precipitation

  • Dissolved substances react to form one or more solid reactions
• Binary molecular compounds

  • H2SO4
  • H2S
  • H2SO3
  • HNO3
• Always soluble

  • Acetate C2H3O2
  • Bicarbonate
  • Nitrate
  • Chlorate ions
• Ite


  Less
• OH

  Hydroxide
• Avogadro's number
• Solute


  Substance that is being dissolved
• Mass number


  Protons + neutrons
• Anion


  • Non metals (halogens/haylites) with charge, written last
• Insoluble


  • Will not dissolve
• Binary molecular compounds have H or H2 with no prefixes (mono)
• Ide

  Hydro____ic
• Water is the solvent and salt is the solute
• Solution


  Homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent
• Strong base


  Has OH
• Ate


  More
• Atomic number


  Protons or electrons
• Cation


  • Metals (alkaline earth, alkali metals) with charge, written first
• Ionic compounds


  • NaCl
• Perform dimensional analysis calculations with metric units


  Converting units by multiplying or dividing by conversion factors
• Given an isotope atomic symbol, determine the atomic number, mass number, number of protons, number of neutrons, and number of electrons


  Breaking down the atomic symbol to extract information about the isotope
• Use density to convert between mass and volume


  Density (mass/volume) can be used to convert between mass and volume of a substance
• Determine the correct coefficients to balance a chemical equation

  Adjusting coefficients in a chemical equation to balance the number of atoms of each element on both sides
• Name or write the formula for binary molecular compounds


  Providing the name or formula for molecular compounds consisting of two different elements
• Calculate the mass percentage of a given element in a given compound

  Dividing the mass of the element by the molar mass of the compound and multiplying by 100
• Determine oxidation numbers of elements within a compound or polyatomic ion

  Assigning oxidation numbers based on rules to elements in a compound or ion
• Convert between grams and moles of a given compound

  Using the molar mass to convert between grams and moles
• Identify strong acids and/or bases

  Recognizing strong acids and bases that completely ionize in solution
• Limiting reactant - one that runs out first
• Perform a solution stoichiometry calculation

  Using stoichiometry to calculate quantities of reactants or products in a solution
• Molecular/covalent bond - N+N (prefixes)
• Apply significant figure rounding rules when performing mathematical operations

  Preserving the least number of significant figures in a calculation
• Physical properties or changes involve the substance's appearance, while chemical properties or changes involve its composition
• Perform dimensional analysis involving metric units raised to a power


  Similar to regular dimensional analysis, but may involve units raised to a power (e.g., cubic meters)
• Name or write the formula for ionic compounds

  Providing the name or formula for ionic compounds based on the given ions
• Complete the molecular equation for precipitation reactions, determining the product


  Identifying reactants and products in precipitation reactions
• Complete the molecular equation for acid-base neutralization reactions

  Identifying reactants and products in acid-base neutralization reactions
• Use molarity to convert between grams and volume for a given solution


  Using the formula: moles = mass / molar mass, and c = moles / volume
• Convert between moles and the number of molecules of a given compound

  Using Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) to convert between moles and molecules