UCSP

• Ethnic Group refers to smaller cultural groups that share specific environments, traditions, and histories that are not necessarily subscribed to by the mainstream culture
• Nationality is the identity that is tied to being part of a nation or country.
• August Comte – Father of Sociology
• Culture is a complex whole which encompasses beliefs,

  practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, and

  symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society.
• Nationality is the "group of people who share the same history, traditions, and language" and who inhabits a particular territory delineated by a political border and controlled by a government.
• It can be acquired by being born in a country or by the process of legal applications called naturalization.
• there are about 180 indigenous ______ in the Philippines and more than 100 tribal groups who are mostly inhabiting ancestral domains in the lowland, upland, and coastal areas

  ETHNIC GROUPS
• refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women

  Gender
• refers to the biological characteristics of humans such as male or female, gender categories are more varied, accommodating identities such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LQBTI)

  Sex
• Heterosexual is inclined to be sexually attracted to a person opposite sex
• Homosexual is attracted to a person of the same sex (gay/lesbian)
• Bisexual are attracted to both sexes
• Asexual is someone who does not experience sexual attraction toward individuals of any gender.
• Polysexual attracted to multiple types of gender
• Pansexual is the one who accommodates all types of gender
• Transgender are people whose gender identities do not match their biological identity as male or female
• Transsexual are people in which their sexual orientation is not related to their genitalia, which allow them to identify with any other type of gender such as heterosexual, pansexual, bisexual, and sexual
• HUMAN CULTURAL VARIATION:

  • Nationality
  • Ethnicity
  • Religion
• The variation in human conditions promotes diversity and plurality in cultural traditions

  Cultural Variation
• a perspective that promotes an individual's culture as the most efficient and superior

  Ethnocentrism
• The individual who exhibits ethnocentrism feels that his or her culture is the most appropriate as compared with other cultures
• Promotes the perspective that cultures must be understood in the context of their locality. This makes you tolerant of the differing attitudes and practices of others

  Cultural Relativism
• believing in the existence of one GOD

  Monotheistic
• believing in the existence of multiple GODS

  Polytheistic
• Social interaction is the foundation of society. It is more than simply acting but a communication of information that is either simple or complex between and among individuals.
• Sociologists use the term social interaction to refer to the behavior between two or more people that corresponds to a meaning that is given by them, whether it is based in harmony or conflict, it later results to developing a culture that is commonly shared by a group of people.
• Human society is defined as a system of social interaction that includes both culture and social organization
• Culture refers to the total lifestyle of a people, including all of the ideas, values, knowledge, behaviors and material objects that every members share, everyone then is both encouraged and mandated to conform
• It is all that is learned by an individual in his society.

  Culture
• Politics refers to the use of power to determine whose values will predominate, how rewards and resources will be allocated and the manner in which conflicting interest in society will be resolved.
• Politics can also be define as the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status.
• By means of social control also known as laws, cohesiveness of the group shall be maintained; the objective of which is to secure harmony and cooperation within the society.
• Human cultural variation refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world. What may be considered good etiquette in one culture may be considered bad etiquette in another.
• Ethnicity is one's identification with social group that shares specific cultural traditions, languages, social experiences, or ancestry.
• It is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethnic or indigenous group.

  Ethnicity
• Social differences refer to dissimilarities among the individuals that are based on their social characteristics and qualities
• Religion can be explained as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs.
• Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed.
• This includes norms, behaviors and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, as well as relationships with each other.It varies from society to society and can change over time.

  Gender
• Sex refers to the biological characteristics of human such as female or male.