cestodes

• Echinococcus granulosus is also known as sheep tapeworm
• E. granulosus:

  definitive host- dogs, wolves, cayotes

  intermediate host - sheep and mice

  ocassionally infect human
• E. granulosus:

  The hydatid cysts grow in humans very slowly and can overcrowd organs
• Echinococcus granulosus

  MORPHOLOGY:

  ▪ Smallest of all tapeworms

  ▪ Scolex, neck, 3 segments

  ▪ Segments look like Taenia sp.

  ▪ Largest larval stage of all tapeworms

  ▪ Hydatid cyst
• E. granulosus

  infective stage: embryonic egg in feces

  diagnostic stage: hydatid cyts
• Echinococcus granulosus

  Clinical feature and Pathology:

  ▪ The symptoms, depend upon the location of the cyst.

  ▪ Large abdominal cysts produce increasing discomfort.

  ▪ Liver cysts cause obstructive jaundice.

  ▪ Peribronchial cysts may produce pulmonary abscesses.

  ▪ Brain cysts produce intracranial pressure and Jacksonian epilepsy. ▪ Kidney cysts cause renal dysfunction.

  ▪ The contents of a cyst may produce anaphylactic responses
• Echinococcus granulosus Laboratory Diagnosis

  ▪ Histological examination

  ▪ X-ray examination

  ▪ Examination of cystic fluid

  ▪ Casoni's skin test
• Dipylidium caninum

  ▪ Common Name: Dog Tapeworm

  ▪ Dogs or cats (humans rarely) as the definitive host

  ▪ Fleas or lice are the intermediate host.
• Habitat

  ▪ Adult: mucus membrane of small intestine of carnivores such as dog, cat, Man

  ▪ Cysticercoid larvae: In the body cavity of insects

  ▪ Egg: in the feces of dog, cat, man
• dipylidium caninum

  infective stage: cysticercoid larvae

  diagnostic stage: gravid proglottids
• DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

  ▪Common Name: Broad fish tapeworm

  ▪Geographical Distribution: Widely distributed in the lake areas of Europe, Asia, Far East, North America, South America and Central Africa . D