dna

• The shape of DNA is a double helix
• Entire name of DNA is Deoxyribonucleic acid
• A gene is a segment of DNA that contains instructions for protein
• "Rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of

  • Nitrogen bases (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine)
• Bases bond together

  A bonds with T
• Sides of the DNA ladder are made of

  • Phosphate
  • Deoxyribose (sugar)
• Sugar found in DNA is deoxyribose
• Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of the cell
• Scientists who established the structure of DNA are Watson and Crick
• Organelles where DNA can be found

  • Mitochondria
  • Chloroplasts
• DNA is made of repeating units called nucleotides
• RNA is necessary to act as a messenger to allow DNA to stay whole and because DNA is too big to fit through the nuclear pores
• Two purines in DNA are

  • Adenine
  • Guanine
• Proteins are made in the ribosomes in the cell
• Cell differentiation is the reason why some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells, even when the DNA in all cells is exactly the same
• DNA is called the "Blueprint of Life" because it tells the cell what to do and how to work