Specialised cells

• What is the function of the large amount of cytoplasm in the egg cell?

  Contains fat stores
• The spongy outer layer of the egg cell protects the cell and attracts sperm
• The sperm cell has enzymes in its head to help it enter the egg.
• What is the purpose of the tail in the sperm cell?

  Swimming
• The sperm cell has lots of mitochondria to release energy
• The muscle cell is long to allow it to contract and relax for movement.
• Why does the muscle cell have many mitochondria?

  To release energy
• The nerve cell has branched connections to connect to other nerve cells
• What is the function of the nerve cell's length?

  Transmit signals
• Red blood cells have a nucleus to store genetic information.

  False
• What red pigment in red blood cells binds oxygen?

  Haemoglobin
• Red blood cells have a large surface area to carry oxygen
• Red blood cells have no nucleus to increase their oxygen-carrying capacity.
• What specialized cell is packed with chloroplasts for photosynthesis?

  Palisade cell
• The palisade cell is tall and thin to allow more cells to be packed into the leaf
• Why does the root hair cell have no chloroplasts?

  Underground, no light
• Root hair cells have a large surface area to absorb water efficiently.
• What do root hair cells use their mitochondria for?

  To release energy
• Match the specialized cell with its function:

  Egg cell ↔️ Attracts sperm

  Sperm cell ↔️ Releases energy for swimming

  Red blood cell ↔️ Binds oxygen

  Palisade cell ↔️ Performs photosynthesis

  Root hair cell ↔️ Absorbs water