functionalist

• structural consensus theory - top down approach of society shapes individuals to perform actions to meet societies needs

  AO3 - social actionists say top down is too over socialised and underestimates free will arguing a bottom up approach
• value consensus - everyone shares the same values
• compared with organic analogy - society runs smoothly as every institution performs its functions accordingly like a human body
• parson argues to survive society has 4 basic needs individuals should act to meet the needs (AGIL)

  1. adaption - society adapt to its environment by norms and laws
  2. goal attainment - society gets goals for individuals to work to
  3. intergration - bring people together eg. socialise into shared goals of society
  4. latency - keep society stable overtime eg. family tension management of warm bath to relax everyone
• see social change organic process when consensus shifts eg. parsons industrial revolution institutions more specialised through structural differentiation and moving equillibrium

  AO3 - Pm see as a meta narrative, doesnt explain how industrial rev occured in the first place
• socialisation ensures intergration and smooth running society eg. education secondary socialisation - promote social solidarity to reinforce value consensus

  AO3 - marxists critical as school is a m/c habitus so w/c feel symbolic violence as their culture is devalued
• institutions perform positive functions in society emphasise hoe each institution benefits individuals eg. durkheim small amount of crime allows society to function through boundary maintenance to reaffirm shared values of society

  AO3 - focusing on positive functions is teleological - all actions have causes before effects however functionalists argue institutions exist due to its positive functions explaining effects rather than causes
• NOT USEFUL

  1. ignored conflict eg. family domestic violence, child abuse
  2. fails to recognise social change can be radical eg. beliefs religion is CF any change is organic but failing to see this leads to radical change eg. neomarx - w/c gain class consciousness and fight against r/c