Psychology

• What are the two opposing concepts in the debate within psychology discussed in the video?

  Reductionism and holism
• What does reductionism aim to do in explaining behavior?

  It aims to explain behavior according to its basic parts or simplest explanation
• How can reductionism be applied to investigate aggression?

  By testing for a specific gene associated with aggressive behavior
• Why might a reductionist explanation of behavior be considered overly simplistic?

  Because most behaviors result from multiple interacting factors, not just one
• What does holism emphasize in explaining behavior?

  It emphasizes looking at all parts and multiple interacting causes
• How would a holistic approach explain a student's academic success?

  • Considers multiple factors:
  • Genetics
  • Environment
  • Cultural background
  • Mood
  • Social interactions
• What is an example of a reductionist description of a student mentioned in the video?

  A predicted grade of four
• Why is a reductionist approach useful in educational comparisons?

  It allows for comparisons across many students or groups
• What is the multi-store model of memory?

  • A reductionist approach to understanding memory
  • Suggests memory can be broken down into different stores
  • Each store has its own characteristics and processes
• What does the multi-store model suggest about rehearsal in memory?

  Rehearsal moves information from short-term memory to long-term memory
• What is a limitation of the multi-store model of memory according to the video?

  It does not consider mood or emotion in memory recall
• Who conducted a study that reduced memory to the recall of nonsense trigrams?

  Peterson and Peterson
• What criticism was made about Peterson and Peterson's methods?

  Their methods were criticized for being too reductionist
• What does Bartlett's theory of reconstructive memory emphasize?

  • Memory is not like a recording
  • Influenced by:
  • Past experiences
  • Culture
  • Schemas
• How might different individuals remember the same trip differently according to Bartlett's theory?

  Due to their unique life experiences and cultural backgrounds
• What are the key differences between reductionism and holism in psychology?

  Reductionism:

  • Focuses on basic parts and simple explanations
  • Useful for comparisons

  
  

  Holism:

  • Considers multiple interacting factors
  • Provides a comprehensive understanding
• Where does the reductionism and holism debate fall in GCSE psychology?

  Under the issues and debate section in the memory topic