voluntary and involuntary muscles

• true or false? ATP used by the muscles can be generated from ADP even during anaerobic respiration

  FALSE- it’s an aerobic process
• what is another molecule the body can use to generate ATP?

  • from creatine phosphate
  • acts as a reserve supply of phosphate, which is available to combine with ADP
  • this generates ATP rapidly, but the phosphate store is used up quick
  • therefore this is usually used for short bursts of rigorous exercise
  • when muscle is relaxed, creatine phosphate store is replenished
• what is anaerobic respiration used for?

  short periods of high intensity exercise
• What process is used to produce the ATP that muscles use for contraction?

  Oxidative phosphorylation
• what are the three types of muscle in the body?

  • skeletal- responsible for movement, make up the bulk of the body
  • cardiac- found only in the heart, myogenic- contract without the need of a nervous stimulus
  • involuntary- contract automatically (autonomic systems) like peralstalsis
• what is the structure of each type of muscle?

  • skeletal- straited
  • cardiac- fainter straits, branched
  • involuntary- no straits, uni-nucleated

  A) voluntary

  B) involuntary

  C) involuntary

  D) rapid

  E) in the middle

  F) slow

  G) short

  H) in the middle

  I) long time

  
• describe the structures of skeletal muscles in muscle fibre

  • muscle fibres enclosed within a membrane called a sacrolemma
  • long- made of individual cells fusing together- makes the muscle stronger
  • sacroplasm
  • parts of the sacrolemma fold inwards (these are called T tubles) to help spread electrical impulses throughout the sacroplasm. This ensures the whole fibre receives an impulse to contract at the same time
  • lots of mitochondria to produce ATP for energy in contraction
  • sacroplasmic reticulum- releases Ca ions
  • myofibrils- made up of actin and mysosin

  
• what types of muscles are straited?

  skeletal and cardiac
• what types of muscle are branched and interconnected?

  cardiac only
• what type of muscle has a slow contraction speed?

  involuntary
• what types of muscles are uninucleated?

  involuntary
• what does a light micrograph of the different types of muscle look like?

  Assign each of the three types to figure one, figure 2 and figure 3

  A) skeletal

  B) cardiac

  C) involuntary