STS 1-5 PRELIMS NG BEBE

• TECHNOLOGY - Practical application of knowledge
• Material Technology - extraction, fabrication, processing, combination, and synthesis of materials
• Equipment Technology - design and fabrication of tools, instruments, devices and machines
• Energy technology - deals with the distribution of various forms of energy, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and hydrothermal
• Information technology - based on machines that collect, store, process, retrieve, transmit and utilize data or information
• Life technology - these are devices, medicines, procedures and systems designed to preserve, repair, maintain, reproduce and improve living systems
• Management technology - planning, organization, coordination and control of social activities
• DEVELOPMENT - transforming research findings into prototype
• INNOVATION - commercialization of prototype inventions into marketable products or processes
• FIRST WAVE TECHNOLOGY ( Agricultural age) -comprising the pre-industrial technologies, which are labor-intensive, small-scale, decentralized, and based on empirical rather than scientific knowledge.
• SECOND WAVE TECHNOLOGY - comprising the industrial technologies developed from the Industrial Revolution until the end of World War II.
• THIRD WAVE TECHNOLOGY - comprising the post-industrial or the high technologies, which are called science-intensive since they are based on the modern scientific knowledge of the structures, properties, and interaction of molecules, atoms, and nucle
• SOCIETY - An organized group of people associated as members of a community
• HUNTER AND GATHERER SOCIETIES - the most primitive of all societies
• SHIFTING AND FARMING - e.g. slash-andburn farming
• AGRICULTURAL AND MINING SOCIETIES SYNTHESIZING AND RECYCLING SOCIETIES - both depend on the natural resources of the world to sustain the needs of people but both entail the risk of environmental damage
• MANUFACTURING AND PROCESSING SOCIETIES - the use of coal marked the start of industrialization
• CIVILIZATION - The word “civilization” relates to the Latin word “civitas” or “city
• SUMERIA – the cradle of the earliest known civilization ▪ an ancient region in Southern Mesopotamia
• BABYLONIA – ancient region bordering the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (Southern Iraq).
• HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON - The ancient garden is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World and is thought to have been located near the royal palace in Babylon.
• EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION (EGYPT) – geographically situated in the Northeastern part of the African continent, a desert country thriving on an agricultural economy.
• GREEK CIVILIZATION (GREECE) – an archipelago in the Southeastern part of Europe.
• ROMAN CIVILIZATION (ROME) – Ancient Rome grew from a small town on central Italy’s Tiber River into an empire.
• ARABIC CIVILIZATION (ARABIA) – is a rocky peninsula in Southwestern Asia
• CHINESE CIVILIZATION (CHINA) – considered to be the oldest civilization in Asia.
• INDUS-HINDU CIVILIZATION (INDUS VALLEY) – mainly in the Northwestern regions of South Asia.
• PERSIAN CIVILIZATION (PERSIA) – a historic region of southwestern Asia associated with the area now modern Iran.
• INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS

  ✓ Medieval Times

  ✓ Renaissance Period

  ✓ Scientific Revolution
• MEDIEVAL TIMES - The period from 450A.D to 1450 A.D
• RENAISSANCE (14TH-16TH CENTURY) - The period of rebirth
• SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION - It has been established that most, if not all, of the discoveries and inventions in science and technology during each period were due to human needs and wants
• PTOLEMY (87 -100 A.D) - Ptolemy taught that the Earth was the center of the universe.
• NICOLAUS COPERNICUS - Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer who studied in Italy.
• COPERNICUS’ MODEL OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM: 1. Sun 2. Moon 3. Mercury 4. Venus 5. Earth 6. Mars 7. Jupiter 8. Saturn
• TYCHO BRAHE - In the late 1500s, the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe provided evidence that supported Copernicus’ heliocentric theory
• JOHANNES KEPLER - After Brahe’s death, his assistant, the German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler, used Brahe’s data to calculate the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun
• GALILEO GALILEI - was an Italian astronomer who built upon the scientific foundations laid by Copernicus and Kepler.
• SIR ISAAC NEWTON - was an English scholar who built upon the work of Copernicus and Galileo.
• CHARLES DARWIN - Studied medicine at Edinburgh, theology at Cambridge