tudors

• <S: Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 to 1547. >
• The Pope would not grant the annulment because it went against Catholic doctrine.
• Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary) succeeded Edward VI as queen in 1553
• 1485

  • August 21st : the date Henry backdated his reign to
  • August 22nd : Battle of Bosworth, Henry won after Stanleys helped out
  • Lord Stanley Thomas (Henry's stepfather) made Chancellor of the Exchequer
  • October 30th : coronation
  • November 7th : First meeting of Parliament
• 1486

  • 18 January: Married Elizabeth of York
  • March: went on a progress through the kingdom
  • April : Lovell and the Staffords
  • Earl of Kildare crowns Lambert Simnel King
  • Maximilian takes over rule of empire
  • Peers and MPs required to take an oath against illegal retaining/ being illegally retained. But illegal was conveniently undefined
• 1487

  • May: Lambert Simnel crowned King Edward in Ireland
  • 16th June : Battle of Stoke
  • Fractional taxes of fifteenths and tenths made
  • Star Chamber Act establishes star chamber
  • Act passed so JPs could grant bail to those awaiting trial
  • France invaded Brittany and it looked as though they would gain complete control
  • France reimposed trade restrictions because of English support for Breton independence
  • Law against retaining established
• 1489

  • Henry summoned Parliament to grant him extraordinary revenue to raise an army against the French
  • February : England and Brittany agree the Treaty of Redon
  • Yorkshire Rebellion
  • Treaty of Medina del Campo - allowed equal trading rights for merchants from both countries and fixed customs duties at a rate that proved favourable for English traders
  • Earl of Northumberland murdered
  • Statute of Uses
  • Navigation Act - Toulouse Woad now had to be transported in English ships
• 1491

  • Perkin Warbeck - pretender of Richard, Duke of York
  • Earl of Kildare supports Warbeck
• 1492

  • Warbeck briefly stays at the court of Charles VIII of France, but flees after Treaty of Étaples
  • Henry launched an invasion of France and they quickly sought a peace settlement
  • November : Treaty of Etaples, largely removed trade restrictions and tried to encourage Anglo-French commercial relations
• 1493

  • Trade embargo with Netherlands forcing merchants to direct trade through Calais
  • Maximilian becomes Holy Roman Empire
• 1495

  • Warbeck makes his first attempt to land in England (Sir William Stanley), fails, flees to James' court where he offers him hospitality
  • Act Passed: JPs could vet juries
  • Poynings' Law passed - Irish Parliament needed English crown's approval to pass laws
  • Perkin Warbeck tried to return to Ireland and besieged the town of Waterford
• 1496

  • Intercursus magnus, after Warbeck left, Burgundy, brought an end to the trade embargo
• 1497

  • Cornish rebellion
  • Warbeck attempts to exploit Cornish rebellion
  • Truce of Ayton, Scotland and England
  • Fractional taxes of fifteenths and tenths made
  • Most of remaining trade restrictions with France removed
• 1498

  • Edmund de La Pole, Earl of Suffolk flees to Flanders, but is persuaded to return after a short exile
  • From here onwards Anglo-Scottish relations improved, James no longer had any use for Warbeck so handed him over
  • Warbeck was released from the tower as soon as he admitted to being an impostor and given accomodation at Henry's cour. After 8 months he tried to escape but was recaptured
• 1499

  • Warbeck and Earl of Warwick executed after trying to escape together
• 1501

  • Earl of Suffolk flees again seeking refuge at Maximilian's court
  • Arthur dies, Henry vii suggests Henry viii marries Catherine
• 1502

  • Treaty of Perpetual Peace - officially sanctions James iv + Margaret Tudor marriage
• 1504

  • Final Parliament called, Henry promises no more Extraordinary revenue, feudal aid granted
  • Isabella (Castile) dies, Anglo-Burgundian relations became important again resulting in the Treaty of Windsor. Henry lost enthusiasm for the marriage and chose to support Juana.
  • Act passed wherein you could get licenses for retaining, reinforcing 1487 law
  • Treaty reasserting privileges of Hanseatic League
• 1506

  • January - Philip and Juana set sail for Spain but are shipwrecked and forced to take refuge in England
  • Treaty of Windsor
  • Intercursus Malus  - never enforced
  • Henry recognises Juana and Philip as the rulers of Castile
  • Philip and Maximilian agreed to hand over Earl of Suffolk - imprisoned in tower
• 1509

  • 21 April - Henry vii died
  • Henry viii marries Catherine of Aragon
• 1513

  • 9 September - Battle of Flodden, England wins
  • James IV dies in battle
  • Capture of Tournai and Therouanne
• 1510

  • Empson and Dudley executed
  • Wolsey appointed
• 1512

  • first war with France
• 1514

  • Wolsey appointed Archbishop of York
  • Princess Mary marries Louis XII of France
• 1515

  • Wolsey appointed Lord Chancellor
  • Princess Mary marries Earl of Suffolk
  • Wolsey appointed Cardinal
  • Wolsey begins building Hampton Court
• 1518

  • Treaty of London
• 1520

  • Field of the Cloth of Gold
• 1521

  • Treaty of Bruges
• 1523

  • second war against France
• 1525

  • Opposition to Amicable Grant
• 1526

  • League of Cognac (anti-imperial)
• 1528

  • Legatine court enquiring validity of Henry's marriage
• 1529

  • Fall of Wolsey
  • Thomas More appointed Lord Chancellor
  • Treaty of Cambrai (France and HRE)
• 1532

  • Resignation of Thomas More
  • Cromwell emerges as Chief Minister
  • Cranmer appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1533

  • Break with Rome - Henry marries Anne Boleyn
  • Birth of Elizabeth
  • Mary declared illegitimate
• 1534

  • Act of Supremacy
• 1536

  • Anne Boleyn executed
  • Henry marries Jane Seymour
  • Elizabeth declared illegitimate
  • Beginning of Dissolution of the Monasteries
  • First set of royal injunctions
  • Ten Articles
  • Pilgrimage of Grace
• 1538

  • Second set of royal injunctions
• 1539

  • six articles act
• 1540

  • Henry marries Anne of Cleves, quickly dissolved
  • Cromwell executed
  • Henry marries Katherine Howard