Personal Development

• Joseph Luft & Harrington Ingham introduced the concept of Johari Window.
• Johari Window is a mechanism designed to help an individual grow through learning more about oneself and others.
• Self-awareness is the ability to know oneself extensively
• Looking Glass Self implies that people see themselves through the eyes of others and form ideas about themselves based on others' judgments
• Self Concept Clarity helps in becoming self-aware by providing a stable view of positive traits
• The term "Johari" was coined from the first syllables of their names
• Personal effectiveness depends on innate characteristics, talents, and experience accumulated in the process of personal development
• Three aspects of the self

  • Actual Self
  • Ideal Self
  • Ought Self
• Self-concept


  A structured overall impression of the self, including physical characteristics, personality traits, and social identity
• Self Discrepancy Theory states that if the actual self does not match the standards set by the ideal or the ought self, there may be negative affective consequences
• Personal effectiveness means making use of personal sources like talents, skills, energy, and time to achieve life goals
• Talents need to be identified and developed for use in specific subject areas like science, literature, sports, politics, etc.
• Factors that influence self-concept and self-esteem include the ways others react to an individual, comparisons to others, and identification with others
• Johari Window is a model for self-awareness and interpersonal relations introduced by Joseph Luft & Harrington Ingham
• Looking Glass Self is coined by Charles Cooley
• Self-esteem is experiencing a high self-worth or value for oneself
• Experience includes knowledge and skills acquired through cognitive and practical activities
• Keys to improving personal effectiveness

  • Being self-aware
  • Making the most of your strengths
  • Learning new skills, techniques, and behavioral flexibility
• Skills determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with the plan and can become habits if used repeatedly in the same situation
• Skills that greatly increase efficiency

  • Determination
  • Self-confidence
  • Persistence
  • Managing Stress
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Creativity
  • Generating tools
• Personality is relatively stable characteristics and qualities that account for consistency and distinctiveness in an individual
• Experience includes knowledge and skills acquired in the process of cognitive and practical activities
• Self-confidence appears in the process of personal development and is manifested in speech, appearance, dressing, and physical condition
• The Five-Factor Model of Personality, also known as the BIG FIVE or OCEAN, is the most popular model used in testing by McCrae and Costa
• Problem-solving skills help cope with problems encountered with a lack of experience and increase efficiency by adopting new ways of achieving goals
• Talents first need to be identified and then developed to be used in a particular subject area (science, literature, sports, politics, etc.)
• Creativity allows finding extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action and usually greatly increases the speed of action when using creative tools
• Persistence makes one keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles and can be developed with self-discipline exercise
• Generating tools help achieve goals using new, original, unconventional ideas and can be facilitated by methods like mental maps
• Determination allows focusing on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less important things or spontaneous desires
• Managing Stress helps combat stress arising in daily life and increases efficiency in an actively changing environment
• Knowledge is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them, and risk assessment
• The study of human development is essential to understanding how humans learn, mature, and adapt
• Puberty is the physical transformation that both young males and females experience as sexual maturity is reached
• Some aspects of our life change very little over time and are consistent, while others change dramatically
• Middle Age is the transition age when adjustments to initial physical and mental decline are experienced
• Wholeness involves all aspects of what makes us human - Mind, body, soul, emotions, and relationships
• Adolescence refers to the teenage years which start at about the age of 12 and end at 21
• Human Development focuses on human growth and changes across lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, personality, and emotional growth
• The human being is either in a state of growth or decline, but either condition imparts change