Math1 PreFinals

• Analysis


  Describing the data by using statistical methods and procedures
• Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777 – 1855)a German mathematician, geodesist, and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields in mathematics and science. Gauss ranks among history's most influential mathematicians.
• Parameter


  Numerical or nominal characteristics of a population
• Quantitative data


  Data which are numerical in nature
• Organization or presentation


  Summarizing data or information in textual, graphical or tabular forms
• Sample


  Small portion or part of a population
• Karl Pearson de Laplace (1857–1936) – British statistician, leading founder of the modern field of statistics, prominent proponent of eugenics, and influential interpreter of the philosophy and social role of science
• Population (N)


  Large collection of objects, persons, places or things
• Collection


  Gathering of information or data
• Abraham De Moivre (1667–1754) – born mathematician who pioneered the development of analytic geometry and the theory of probability. He discovered the equation of the normal curve
• Data


  Facts, or a set of information or observations under study
• Qualitative data


  Data which can assume values that manifest the concept of attributes
• Dependent Variable


  Variable which is affected or influenced by another variable
• Nominal Scale


  Most primitive level of measurement
• Collecting Data

  Two Types of Data: Primary Data and Secondary Data
• Discrete variable


  One that assumes a finite number of values
• Constant


  Property or characteristics of a population or sample which makes the members of the group similar to each other
• Secondary Data data gathered from secondary source
• Measurement


  Assignment of symbols or numerals to objects or events according to some rules
• Continuous variable


  One that can assume infinite values within a specified interval
• Ratio Scale


  Similar to the interval level, but with the only difference that ratio level starts from an absolute or true zero point
• Interval Scale


  Data measured in this scale where we can specify the amount of difference between objects
• Statistics


  Scientific body of knowledge that deals with the collection, organization or presentation, analysis and interpretation of data
• Interpretation


  Making conclusions based on the analyzed data
• Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher (1890 – 1962) , renowned as "his time's greatest scientist," was a British statistician and biologist who made significant contributions to experimental design and population genetics. He is widely regarded as the "Father of Modern Statistics and Experimental Design."
• Primary Data data gathered from primary source.
• Independent Variable


  Variable which affects or influences the dependent variable
• Variable


  Characteristic or property of a population or sample which makes the members different from each other
• Ordinal Scale


  Data arranged in some specified order or rank
• Statistic


  Estimate of a parameter
• Registration Method


  This method of collecting data is governed by laws
• Probability Sampling


  Each member or element of the population has an equal chance of being drawn into the sample
• Observation Method


  Defined as a technique for observing and describing a subject’s behaviour
• Direct or Interview Method


  The researcher has a direct contact with the interviewee
• Indirect or Questionnaire Method


  The researcher makes use of a written questionnaire
• Experimental Method


  Usually used to find out cause and effect relationships
• Non-Probability Sampling


  Members of the sample are drawn from the population based on the judgment of the researchers
• Cluster Sampling


  Groups or cluster instead of individuals are randomly chosen
• Convenience Sampling


  Used because of the convenience it offers to the researcher
• Random Sampling


  Each in the population has an equal chance of being drawn into the sample