All Topics

• Bacteria release toxins that damage your bodies cells
• Define Movement

  Action by all or part of an organism that causes change in position or place
• Define Reproduction 


  Processes that make more of the same kind of organism
• Define Sensitivity : 


  the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make appropriate responses
• Define Respiration


  The chemical reactions in living cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy for metabolism
• Define Nutrition

  The taking in of materials for energy, growth and development :

  plants usually require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions ; animals need organic compounds, ions and usually need water
• Define Growth

  a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number, cell size, or both.
• Define Excretion

  The removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells including respiration) and substances in excess of requirements
• Define Species :

  Groups of organisms can reproduce to produce fertile offspring.
• Vertebrates : an animal containing a backbone
• Invertebrates : an animal without a backbone
• Mammals and their distinguishing features :

  • furry skin
  • mammary glands
• Birds and their distinguishing features :

  • feathers
  • scales on their legs and feet
• Reptiles and their distinguishing features :

  • dry, scaly skin
• Fish and their distinguishing features :

  • scales
  • fins for swimming
  • gills covered by the operculum (a flap of skin that covers the gills)
  • lateral line containing sense organs
• Amphibians and their distinguishing features :

  • moist skin
• Arthropods (Invertebrates) have an exoskeleton (skeleton found on the outside of our body)
• Myriapods (Arthropods - Invertebrates)

  • antennae
  • segmented bodies
  • hard exoskeleton
• Insects (Arthropods - Invertebrates)

  • antennae
  • compound eyes
  • head, thorax, abdomen
  • 2 pairs of wings
  • 3 pairs of legs
  • mouthparts
• Crustaceans (Arthropods - Invertebrates)

  • carapace
  • claws with serrated edges
  • eyes
  • jointed limbs
  • gills under their shell
• Flowering Plants :

  • can produce flowers, fruits and seeds
  • extensive root systems
  • contain xylem and phloem for transports of water, mineral ions and sugars
  • stomata allow carbon dioxide into the leaf and oxygen and water to leave
  • Monocotyledons
  • Dicotyledons
• Ferns :

  • leaves are known as fronds
  • fronds contain sporangia which release spores which are involved in reproduction
  • rhizomes are found on root nodules
  • rhizomes send out roots and shoots
  • simple, true root systems
• Viruses consist of a protein coat surrounding a nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA)