DRR

• Republic Act 10121 also known as ‘Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010’ defines vulnerability as the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or resource that makes it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
• Population


  Refers to the number of individuals inhabiting a particular space at the same time
• Social vulnerability


  Happens due to the inability of people, organizations, and societies to prevent severe effects from hazards
• Community less vulnerable

  • Has the capacity to reduce disaster risk by providing accessibility and availability of services and facilities during and after the disaster
  • Has the ability to anticipate, adapt, and respond to possible disasters
• Economic vulnerability


  • Those who belong to low income and informal workers
• Quantifying vulnerability

  Used in estimating how much mitigation and preparedness measures will be applied
• Factors affecting vulnerability of one's community:
• Physical vulnerability


  Includes population density levels, place of a settlement, site design, and materials used for infrastructure and housing
• Social vulnerability

  • During typhoons, the line of communications were cut off
  • Disruption of transport systems due to inability of small vehicles to pass through flooded areas or impassable roads and bridges
  • Difficulties in the delivery of services such as relief goods and medicines, shortage of food, and spread of infectious diseases
• Population density


  Refers to the number of individuals living in an area in relation to the size of an area
• Environmental vulnerability

  Caused by natural resources depletion and destruction
• Hazard is a harmful condition, substance, human behavior, or conditions that can cause loss of life, injury, or other health effects, harm to property, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, or damage to the environment
• Physical vulnerability

  • Buildings were totally destroyed during the super typhoon
• Factors affecting vulnerability

  • Population density near a hazard event
  • Capacity and efficiency to reduce Disaster Risk
• Vulnerability


  State of being at risk
• The primary consideration is not the population size but the population density
• Economic vulnerability


  Level of economic vulnerability is based on the economic status of individuals, communities, and nations
• Exposure is the pr
• Environmental vulnerability

  • Human activities like deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, and kaingin affect the natural abilities of the environment to protect itself from any natural hazard
• Threat


  Any risk which is imminent
• Physical elements


  • Buildings, Monuments and cultural heritage, Population, Essential facilities, Socio-economic aspects, Transportation facilities, Economic activities, Life lines, Environmental elements
• Risk


  Implies the probability of possible adverse effects resulting from the interaction of social and environmental systems, physical danger, and exposed item vulnerabilities
• Vulnerability


  The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard and the inability of a community to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous events
• Hazard


  A harmful condition, substance, human behavior, or conditions that can cause loss of life, injury, health effects, harm to property, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, or damage to the environment
• Exposure and vulnerability


  Are distinct; a community can be exposed but not necessarily vulnerable
• Types of hazards

  • Natural hazards
  • Quasi-natural hazards
  • Technological (or man-made) hazards
• Disaster

  A serious disruption to the functioning of a community or society causing widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses that exceed the capacity of the community or society concerned to cope with the use of their own resources
• Exposure

  The presence of elements at risk or chance of being harmed from a natural or man-made hazard event
• Disaster mitigation measures

  Eliminate or reduce the impacts and risks of hazards by proactive measures taken before an emergency or disaster takes place
• Vulnerability of buildings

  Expressed as a repair cost or degree of damage
• Risk


  Probability of adverse effects resulting from hazards and vulnerabilities
• Republic Act 10121 defines vulnerability as the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or resource that makes it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
• Factors affecting vulnerability of one’s community

  1. Population density near hazard event

  2. Capacity and efficiency to reduce disaster risk
• Exposure


  Presence of elements at risk from hazards
• Social Vulnerability

  • Disruption of communication, transport systems, and service delivery during hazards
• Quantifying vulnerability

  Used in estimating how much mitigation and preparedness measures
• Physical Vulnerability


  • Population density levels, settlement location, infrastructure materials
• Natural Hazards

  • Earthquakes
  • Tsunamis
  • Floods
• Technological (or Man-made) Hazards

  • Chemical releases
  • Industrial accidents
• Types of Hazards

  • Natural Hazards
  • Quasi-Natural Hazards
  • Technological (or Man-made) Hazards