Duncan

• Act 1, Scene 2: 'O valiant cousin, worthy gentlemen!' 


  Adjective 'valiant' shows him praising Macbeth for being a good fighter.

  Presents him as a good character and presents him as a respectful king.

  Theme: Great Chain of Being- his character is used to illustrate what happens to a country when a leader selected by God is in power.
• Act 1, Scene 3: 'My worthy Cawdor!'


  He promotes Macbeth through the personal pronoun 'my' to display how proud he is of Macbeth.

  Presents him as respectful and shows that he doesn't just want to be above everyone.

  Theme: Kingship - demonstrates what a noble king acts like in contrast to Macbeth.
• Act 1, Scene 4: ' There's no art to find the mind's construction in the face'


  Duncan finds it hard to tell what someone is thinking just by looking at their face.

  This leaves a door open for him to be betrayed and for people to plot against him behind his back.

  Theme: Reality and appearances: His weakness is that he trusts people's appearences far too much.
• Act 1, Scene 4: 'O worthiest cousin! The sin of my ingratitude even now was heavy on me'


  He apologises to Macbeth for not promoting him earlier. This is emphasised by the use of exclamation mark.

  Dramatic irony as the audience knows Macbeth will betray him.

  Shows what happens when good people are in control.

  Theme: Kingship
• Act 1, Scene 5: 'See our honour'd hostess' 


  He speaks using alliteration and this illustrates his fatal flaw. He is very gullible and can be easily misled by people like LM.

  He is not distrusting so treachery always comes after him.