gnm - 5

• element 5 = it must be proved that the negligence was gross
• gross negligence is a much higher standard than civil negligence
• andrews

  • a lack of care which would constitute civil liability is not enough
• bateman

  • gross negligence is ‘such disregard for the life and safety of others as to amount to a crime against the state and conduct deserving of punishment’
• adamako

  • ‘whether… the conduct of the defendant was so bad in all the circumstances as to amount… to a criminal act or omission’