Chapter 1

• What is the american diet high in?

  sugar, sodium, sat. fat, calories
• What is the american diet low in?

  fiber, potassium, calcium, vitamin D
• How many people in the US are overweight?

  70%
• How many people in the US are obese?

  40%
• What are the inorganic nutrients?

  minerals and wader
• 1g carb = 4 kcal
• 1g protein = 4 kcal
• 1g lipid = 9 kcal
• 1g alcohol = 7 kcal
• What is nutrition?

  How food nourishes the human body and many other aspects of health
• What composes wellness?

  nutrition and physical activity
• What does Healthy People help promote?

  attain higher quality and longer lives, improve health for all
• What does Healthy People help promote?

  create social and economic environments where people can eat healthy. promote healthy development and behaviours
• What are organic nutrients?

  Nutrients with carbon and hydrogen
• What are inorganic nutrients?


  nutrients with no carbon or hydrogen
• What are macronutrients?

  Nutrients that are required in large proportions. Provide energy
• What are the primary macro nutrients ?

  Carbohydrates, proteins, fats
• Is alcohol a nutrient?

  No. It's considered a drug and a toxin
• What is the primary source of energy for the body?

  Carbs (glucose)
• Fiber is a kind of carb
• What are lipids?

  fats, mostly insoluable in water
• Lipids: triglycerides, sterol, phospholipid
• What is the most common lipid in food?

  Triglycerides
• What are triglycerides stored as?

  adipose
• Are proteins not a primary source of energy?

  No
• What are proteins important in?

  building cells, maintaining bones, and yeah
• What are micronutrients?

  needed by the body in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals, that play a crucial role in maintaining good health and proper bodily functions.
• What are the two types of vitamins?

  Water and fat soluable vitamins
• Fat soluable vitamins: ADEK
• Water soluable vitamins: C B
• What are the two classifications of minerals?

  Major and trace minerals
• What does water do?

  Helps to regulate nearly every bodily process
• What do well designed experiments account for?

  sample size, control group, controls for other variables
• What is a hypothesis?

  consistently supported idea through repeated experiments
• What is a theory?

  a scientific consensus for why a phenomenon occurs
• What are downfalls for an animal study?

  Ethical questions

  May not directly apply to humans
• What are the upsides to an animal study?

  preliminary, studies that are done on animals usually can not be done on humans
• What do epidemiological studies examine?

  patterns of health and disease in a populus. Simply indicate relationship between factors and not purely cause and effect
• What do observational studies examine?

  Examine health phenomena in populations
• What are case control studies?

  More complex observational studies, compare a group of people with x condition against people without x condition