Climate

• This is the average weather conditions of a large area, period of time is usually 30-35 years
• Atmospheric conditions are the movements of air in the atmosphere when occur due to pressure
• FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE

  • Altitude
  • Latitude
  • Distance from sea
  • Ocean currents
  • Prevailing winds
• 1. ALTITUDE: This is the height above sea level. High altitude across like mountain tops and high lands have lower temperatures while low altitudes have higher temperatures.
• LATITUDE: This is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface running from east to west. The main latitudes; equator, tropic of cancer and tropic of capricorn
• DISTANCE FROM SEA: Coastal regions tend to be warmer because water absorbs heat more slowly than land. Inland areas can experience extreme temperature changes as they do not benefit from cooling effects of the ocean.
• OCEAN CURRENTS: The massive movement of water in oceans due to the influence of winds. Warm ocean currents create a warming effect over the coastal areas they blow over. Cold ocean currents create a cooling effect over the coastal areas they blow over.
• PREVAILING WINDS: These are winds that blow over a long period of time. Warm prevailing winds blow over and area for a long of time. They cause a cooling effect if they originate from cold area like the poles
• Types of World climate:

  
  

  A. Equatorial/tropical rainforest climate

  B. Hot desert climate
• -Equatorial/ tropical rainforest

  
  

  Its lies between latitudes 0°-5° north and south of the equator. It is experienced around Amazon basin along Congo river, Indonesia and Southeast Asia.

  
  

  Characteristics:

  1. It experiences high and almost constant temp. throughout the year
  2. High annual rainfall that ranges between 1500mm and 2000mm, mainly convectional rainfall
  3. It experiences moist, light and variable winds
  4. High humidity due to high temperature and high rates of evaporation
  5. Low air pressures
• Hot desert climate

  It is experience in hot desert in the world.

  Namely;

  • Sahara Desert in North Africa
  • Kalahari Desert in South Africa
  • Atacama Desert in South America
  • Namib Desert in South Africa

  Characteristics

  1. Extremely high temperature
  2. Wide temperature variation
  3. Low unreliable rainfall (250 mm or less)
  4. Low humidity due to rainfall
  5. High pressure area