The outer layer is tough and fibrous, providing protection and anchoring the heart in the mediastinum
Valves prevent backflow and ensure one-way blood flow in the heart
Epicardium (visceral layer of serous pericardium)
The innermost layer of the serous pericardium, directly covering the surface of the heart
Serous Pericardium
The inner layer is a thin, delicate membrane that produces pericardial fluid, lubricating the heart and reducing friction during contractions
Heart chambers: Atria receive deoxygenated blood from the body, while ventricles pump blood to the lungs and body
Pericardial cavity
The space between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium
Endocardium
The innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart
Pericardium
A double-layered sac that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great vessels, protecting and anchoring the heart, preventing overfilling with blood, and allowing for free movement
Myocardium
The middle and thickest layer of the heart wall, composed of cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes)
Cardiac Anatomy
Refers to the structure of the heart and its various components, responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products
Heart chambers
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Conduction system: Electric signals coordinate contractions in the heart
Blood Vessels
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Lymphatic system works in conjunction with the cardiovascular system to maintain fluid balance and immune function
