Collectivisation 1951-57

• Mutual aid teams grouped 10-50 peasant households so they could share labour, tools and animals - this was only for poor peasants
• APCs - Agricultural producers corporations - between 30-50 households pooled land and labour
• APCs enabled peasants to share the cost of purchasing new machinery
• Wealthier peasants could take a larger share of profit Shows the clear divide between richer and poorer peasants
• Summer 1953 larger ’higher stage’ APCs were introduced

  200-300 peasant households

  peasants who still owned the land could keep 5 per cent but In the distribution of profits the ‘land share’ was reduced and labour share increased
• ‘Rash retreat’ - spring 1954 campaign was retreated and pace was increased but they were not longer receiving benefits
• Aim to create a socialist society where everyone shared
• If peasants resisted they were grouped together as ‘Rulas’ and shipped to labour camps
• Resulted in Stalin having full control over food supplies
• terrible famine 1932-33 between 6-10 million died of starvation in the countryside