4Q REL WA1

    Cards (113)

    • Peter delivered his first sermon on Pentecost day
    • Peter's first sermon:
      1. Jesus died but rose from the dead
      2. Therefore, Jesus He is our Lord and Savior forever
    • Pentecost occured 50 days after Jesus' crucifixion
    • The Apostolic Church (30-70 CE(
    • The coming of the Holy Spirit (Pentecost) initiated the first great evangelization by the Apostolic Church
    • Chapters 1-12 narrate Peter's work, while the second half of the book, chapters 13-28 tell of Paul who was responsible for the spread of the Church to the Gentiles who were non-Jews
    • Paul was formerly called Saul
    • Paul was a Pharisee and had been a persecutor of Christians
    • Paul converted to Christianity when he encountered the Risen Christ on the road to Damascus
    • Paul - Apostle of the Gnetiles
    • Antioch - a new Christian community where the followers of Jesus were first called "Christians" (Apostolic Church)
    • Early church (70-312 CE)
    • Due to the persecution by the Jews, many early Jewish Christians fled from Jerusalem and Israel and scattered throughout the Roman Empire (Early Church)
    • Peter and Paul persevered in their work of spreading the Gospel of Christ despite the great suffering and persecution they had to go through (Early Church)
    • Peter and Paul sealed their faith in Christ by dying as martyrs
    • Persecutions of the early Church in Rome persisted for several centuries.
    • Most severe Roman persecutions - Rule of Nero in 64-68 CE and Diocletian in 303-305 CE
    • Emperor Constantine granted religious freedom to the Christians by signing a law known as the Edict of Milan in 313 CE
    • Theodosius I declared Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire in 380 CE
    • Roman Christian Empire - many were baptized but they succumbed to heresies
    • 382 CE in Roman Christian Empire - an official list of inspired books of the Bible (Canon of the Sacred Scriptures) first came to being. A formal definition of the Canon was proclaimed by the Council of Trent (16th century)
    • Medieval Church (590-1417 CE) - Middle ages
    • 17th century - the Roman Empire began to weakendue to migrations of northern tribes across Europe
    • Barbarian tribes plundered city after city until Rome itself was taken (Medieval Church)
    • Birth of other religions and divisions (schism) was added to the challenges of the church (Medieval Church)
    • Schism - formal separation between Eastern Greek speaking Church and Western Latin speaking Church in Rome that occurred in the eleventh century. (Medieval)
    • Crusades and inquisition was present through the years of the Medieval Chucrh
    • Medieval Friends: Pope Gregory VII, St. Catherine of Siena, St Francis, St Dominic, St. Thomas Aquinas
    • Pope Gregory VII - initiated monastic renewal and reforms
    • St Catherine of Siena - used her wisdom, natural personal charm, and spiritual insight to become the pope’s ambassador of peace among parties at war.
    • St Francis - founded new religious orders were sent as missionaries who ministered spiritual needs of people
    • St. Dominic - tirelessly worked in great Catholic schools and universities
    • St Thomas Aquinas - outstanding preacher and teacher-philosopher, showed excellent ways of harmonizing reason, faith, and pagan philosophy with the scriptures.
    • The Church in the Modern Age (1517-Vatican II)
    • Reformation and Counter Reformation (1517-1648)
    • Martin Luther, an Augustine monk, was scandalized by Church prelates who were more concerned with wealth and power more than the spiritual needs of the people, revolted against the Catholic Church.
    • When Martin Luther nailed the ninety-five theses on the door of Wittenberg Castle Church 1517, he had no idea that such an action would eventually lead to a whole group of religious denominations (Protestantism)
    • Counter Reformation Movement
      1. General Revival of Religion
      2. A vigorous effort to reconquer lost territories in Europe and to extend dminions in Asia and South America
      3. The holding of the Council of Trent
    • Many prominent saints like St. Ignatius of Loyola, St Teresa of Avila, John of the Cross, Philip Neri, Vincent de Paul, Francis de Sales and their religious orders, vigorously carried out reforms and spiritual renewal in their respective territories
    • St Francis Xavier - attempted to convert China and Japan