Arts of the neoclassic and romantic periods

• Neoclassicism

  • The word "neoclassic" came from the greek word "neos" meanibg "new" and the latin word "classicus" which is similar in the meaning to the english phrase "first class"
  • The western movement in decorative and visual arts was also called neoclassicism.
  • The neoclassical movement coincided with the 18th century age of reason also known as the age of enlightenment.
• Characteristics of neoclassicism:

  • Portrayal of roman history
  • Formal composition
  • The use of diagonals to show the peak of emotion or moment
  • Local color
  • Overall lighting
  • Classic geo-structure
• Classicism:

  This is the period in which greeks and romans principles and styles were reflected in history.
• Neoclassical painting:

  • Neoclassical artists embraced the ideals of orders and moderation in which artistic interpretations of classic greek and roman history were restored to realistic portrayals.
  • Neoclassical painters gave great impostance to the costumes, settings, and details of classical subject-matters without adding distracting details but with as much historical accuracy as possible.
• Neoclassical artists:

  • Jacques-louis david
  • Jean-auguste- dominique ingres
• Jacques- Louis David:

  • Was an influential french painter in the neoclassical style, and considered to be the pre-eminent painter of the era.
• David's artworks:

  • The death of marat
  • Napoleon crossing the alps
  • Oath of the horatii
• Jean-auguste- dominique ingres:

  • Is a pupil of david.
  • He was influenced by italian renaissance painters like raphael, nicolas pousin, botticelli, and his mentor, jacques-louis david.
  • He was regarded as one of the great exemplars of academic art and one of the finest old masters of his era.
• Ingre's artworks:

  • Portrait of napoleon on the imperial throne
  • The apotheosis of homer
• Neoclassical sculptures:

  • The neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture.
  • Artists look to roman style during the time of alexander the great for inspiration as well as to mimic their style.
• Neoclassical sculptors:

  • Antonio Canova
  • Bertel thorvaldsen
• Antonio canova:

  • Canova was a prolific italian artist and sculptor who became famous for his marble sculpture that delicately rendered nude flesh.
  • He open the idea ofor portraying discrete sexual pleasure by using pure contours with his mythological compositions.
• Canova's artworks:

  • Psyche awakened by cupid's kiss
  • Washington
• Bertel thorvaldsen:

  • He was the first internationally acclaimed danish artist.
  • He executed sculptors of mythological and religious themes characters.
• Thorvaldsen's artworks:

  • Christ
  • Lion of lucerne
• Neoclassical architecture:

  • Neoclassical architecture styles started in the mid 18th century.
  • It turned away form the grandeur of rocco style and the late baroque.
  • In its purest form, neoclassical architecture was a style principally derived from the architecture of classical greek and rome and the architectural designs of the italian architecture andrea palladio.
• Types of neoclassical architecture:

  • Temple style
  • Palladian style
  • Classical block style
• Temple style:

  • These buildings were uncommon during the Renaissance as architects of the period focused mainly on applying classical elements to churches and modern building like palazzos and villas.
  • Many temple style features a peristyle, a rare feature of renaissance architecture.
• Peristyle:

  A continuous line columns around a building.
• Temple style buildings:

  • Pantheon, paris
  • British museum, london
  • La madeleine de paris
• Palladian style:

  • Palladian buildings were based on andrea palladio's style of villa construction.
  • Some of the buildings feature a balustrade which is a railing with vertical supports along the edge of the roof.
  • There are vertical supprts within a balustrade known as "balusters or spindles".
• Robert adam:

  • He was known as the palladian architect if the neoclassical.
• Adam's works:

  • The white house
  • The united states capitol
• Classical block style:

  • The buildings feature a rectangular or square plan, with a flat roof and an exterior rich in classical detail.
  • The exterior features a repeated classical pattern or series of archers and columns.
  • Classical block aesthetic was also knows as "beaux-arts style", since it was developed principally by the french ecole des beaux-arts.
• Famous architects of classical block style:

  • Henri labrouste: library of sainte-genevieve
  • Charles garnier: palais garnier
• Palais garnier:

  A neo-baroque opera house.
• Romanticism:

  • Romanticism was a movement in which the artists of neoclassical period sought to break new ground in the expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy.
  • It embraced a number of distinctive themes, such as longing foe history, supernatural elements, social, and nature.
  • Landscape painting also became more popular due to the people's romantic adoration of nature.
• Characteristics of romanticism:

  • Shows the height of action
  • Emotional extremes
  • Celebrated nature as out of control
  • Dramatic compositions
  • Heightened sensation
• Romantic painting (portraits/figures):

  • The paintings of the romantic period gave more emphasis on emotion.
  • Artists expressed as much feeling and passion as it could be on a canvas.
• Painters of the romantic period:

  • Jean-louis theodore gericault
  • Eugene delacroix
  • Francisco goya
• Jean-louis theodore gericault:

  • Gericault was the first french master and the leader of the french realistic school.
  • His masterpieces were energetic, powerful, brilliantly colored, and tightly composed.
• Gericault's artworks:

  • The raft of the medusa
  • Charging chasseur
  • Insane woman
• Eugene delacroix:

  • He was considered the greatest french romantic painter of all.
  • He achieved brilliant visual effects using small, adjacent strokes of contrasting colors.
  • He was the most influential to most of romantic painters and eventually, his technique was adopted and extended by the impressionist artists.
• Delacroix's artwork:

  • Liberty leading the people
• Farncisco goya:

  • He was a commissioned romantic painter by the king of spain.
  • He was also a printmaker regarded both as the last of the "old masters" and first of the "moderns".
• Goya's artworks:

  • The third of may
  • Saturn devouring his son
  • The burial of sardine
• Romantic painting (landscape painting)

  • Landscape painting depicts the physical world that surrounds us and includes features such as mountains, valleys, vegetation, and bodies of water.
  • The sky is another important element shaping the mood of landscape paintings.
• Famous landscape artist of romantic period:

  • Theodore rousseau
  • Jean-baptiste-camille corot
• Example of landscape paintings:

  • The church of marissel
  • Le respos soud les soules
  • Der kleine fischer
  • Landscape with a plowman
• Romantic sculpture:

  • Romantic sculpture can be divided into works that concern about the human world and those that concern the natural world.