AMINO ACIDS

• PROTEIN

  biomolecules and macromolecules that play many critical roles in the body.

  makes up all living materials

  are composed of amino acids
• AMINO ACIDS

  small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins

  Different proteins are made by combining these 20 amino acids in diff. combinations Proteins are manufactured by ribosomes
• Functions:

  • digestive enzymes help Facilitate chemical reactions
  • antibodies support immune Function
  • Support the regulation
  •  transport of DNA & RNA
  • Support muscle contraction movement provides support to the body

  move essential molecules around the body hormones help coordinate bodily Function
• Copying of genetic info from DNA to RNA is called Transcription
• DNA has the genetic code for the protein that needs to be made, but proteins are made by the ribosomes that are outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm
• DNA is too large to leave the nucleus, but RNA can leave the nucleus
• Part of the DNA temporarily unzips and is used as a template to assemble complementary nucleotides into messenger RNA (mRNA)
• mRNA then goes through the pores of the nucleus with the DNA code and attaches to the ribosome
• Decoding of mRNA into a protein is called Translation
• Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome
• A series of three adjacent bases in a mRNA molecule codes for a specific amino acid called codon
• • Each tRNA has 3 nucleotides that are complementary to the codon in the mRNA
• mRNA carrying the instructions and tRNA carrying amino acids meet in the ribosomes. Amino acids are joined together to make a protein (pollypeptide)