(L1) STATE OF MATTER

• matter


  any object that has mass and volume
• mass


  measure of inertia
• volume


  occupies space
• kinetic theory of matter


  states that the atoms that the matter is made up of are in continual and perpetual motion and can change depending on the situation around the object
• daniel bernoulli (1738), john herapath (1820), john james waterston (1845)


  who developed the kinetic theory of matter?
• solid


  particles are densely packed in a fixed position

  definite shape and volume
• liquid


  tightly packed, far enough for the particles to slide over one another

  indefinite shape, definite volume
• gas


  particles are very far apart and move freely

  indefinite shape and volume
• plasma


  ionized gas

  capable of conducting electricity and being influenced by magnetic fields
• bose-einstein condensate


  group of bosons cooled to nearly absolute zero occupe the same quantum state forming a superfluid with unique properties
• pure substance and mixture


  what are the two classification of matter?
• pure substance


  substance that are only made up of one type of particle throughout, possesing uniform chemical and physical properties
• elements


  purest form

  contains only one type of atom
• compounds


  composed of two or more elements
• elements and compounds


  what are the two types of pure substance?
• homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture


  what are the two types of mixtures?
• mixtures


  are combinations of two or more substances that are physically mixed together without undergoing any chemical bonding.
• homogeneous mixture


  are mixtures where the components are evenly spread out on a molecular level, leading to a single phase with properties that remain consistent across the entire mixture

  also referred to as solutions
• heterogeneous mixture


  are mixtures in which the components are not evenly distributed, resulting in visible variations in composition and properties within the mixture.