effects of changing conditions

• What does increasing temperature favor in a reaction?

  Endothermic reaction direction
• How does temperature affect the position of equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's principle?

  It shifts equilibrium to counteract temperature change
• What happens to the equilibrium of an exothermic reaction when temperature increases?

  It shifts towards the reactants (left)
• What happens to the equilibrium of an endothermic reaction when temperature increases?

  It shifts towards the products (right)
• Why does the system adjust its equilibrium position with temperature changes?

  To counteract the change in temperature
• What happens to the equilibrium position if the temperature is raised for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)?

  It shifts to the left to absorb heat
• How does temperature affect the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

  Kc is influenced solely by temperature
• What happens to Kc when the amount of product at equilibrium decreases?

  Kc decreases
• What happens to Kc when the amount of product at equilibrium increases?

  Kc increases
• What happens to the equilibrium position if the temperature is raised for the reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)?

  It shifts left towards the reactants
• What is the impact on the proportion of products when SO3 decreases?

  The proportion of products reduces
• What happens to Kc when SO3 decreases?

  Kc decreases
• What is the summary of temperature changes on equilibrium and Kc?

  • Exothermic reaction:
  • Increase: Shifts left, Decreases Kc
  • Decrease: Shifts right, Increases Kc
  • Endothermic reaction:
  • Increase: Shifts right, Increases Kc
  • Decrease: Shifts left, Decreases Kc
• How do concentration and pressure changes affect Kc?

  Kc remains unchanged at a specific temperature
• What happens to the equilibrium position when concentration or pressure changes?

  Equilibrium position changes to counteract change
• What is the effect of adding more N2 on the equilibrium of N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)?

  Increased formation of NH3 at new equilibrium
• What determines the value of Kc?

  Temperature determines the value of Kc
• How do catalysts affect Kc and equilibrium position?

  Catalysts do not change Kc or equilibrium position
• What is the summary of the effects of changing reaction conditions on equilibrium and Kc?

  • Concentration: Changes equilibrium position, Kc remains the same
  • Pressure: Changes equilibrium position, Kc remains the same
  • Temperature: Changes equilibrium position, Kc changes
  • Catalyst: No change in equilibrium position or Kc