(L2) PROPERTIES AND CHANGES OF MATTER

• Density


  the degree of compactness of a substance
• Malleability


  the quality of something that can be shaped into something else without breaking
• Ductility


  the ability of a material to be stretched, pulled, or drawn into a thin wire or thread without breaking
• Solubility


  the degree to which a substance dissolves in a solvent to make a solution
• Thermal Conductivity


  the ability of a given material to conduct/transfer heat
• color


  measured by visual inspection.
• length


  measured using a simple ruler
• water displacement method


  used to measure the volume of irregular solids
• hardness


  the physical quality where an object shows resistance to damage
• diamond


  hardest material
• talc


  softest material
• flexibility


  the ability of to bend, stretch, or adapt without breaking or losing its structural integrity
• elasticity


  the ability to revert to its initial shape or size after being stretched, compressed, or deformed
• strength


  the capacity to bear heavier loads without displaying obvious signs of fracture or tearing.
• melting


  solid to liquid
• freezing


  liquid to solid
• evaporation


  liquid to gas
• condensation


  gas to liquid
• sublimation


  solid to gas
• deposition


  gas to solid
• ionization


  gas to plasma
• recombination


  plasma to gsa
• toxicity


  the harmful effects a substance may have on living organisms.
• reactivity


  how easily a substance reacts with other substances to form new compounds
• corrosiveness


  the ability of a substance to cause damage or deterioration to other materials through chemical reactions.
• stability


  the ability of a substance to maintain its chemical composition under certain conditions.
• acidity/basicity


  the pH level of a substance, indicating its acidic or basic nature.
• flammability


  the ability to burn or ignite
• oxidation


  the tendency to react with oxygen
• combustion


  chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen to produce heat and light
• decomposition


  reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances
• fermentation


  reaction in which sugars are converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide by microorganisms like yeast and bacteria which play a crucial role in fermentation
• oxidation


  reaction in which a substance loses electrons, typically involving the addition of oxygen