M5: Technique and Performance Practices in Contemporary Arts

• Painting refers to the application of color, pigment, or paint to a surface or support
• Graphite pencil


  • Most used illustration medium, cheap, versatile, easily erased, produces a wide spectrum of shades
• Auditory or time arts

  • Music, literature
• Charcoal or burnt wood


  • Produces darker tones with soft or harsh strokes
• Classification of art based on medium

  • Visual or space arts
  • Auditory or time arts
  • Combined arts
• Combined arts

  • Dance, drama, opera, movies
• Pen or pen and ink

  • Popular medium in drawing, produces smooth and consistent lines
• Medium


  Refers to the material which the artist uses to objectify his feelings or thought
• Visual or space arts

  • Two-dimensional: painting, drawing, printmaking, photography
  • Three-dimensional: architecture, landscaping, sculpture
• Fresco


  • Pigments mixed with water and applied to dry or wet plaster
• Encaustic paint


  • Mixture of pigments, wax, and resin
• Oil paint


  • Popular medium for its vibrancy and quality, dries slowly and opaque
• Tempera


  • Fast drying painting medium consisting of pigment mixed with a water-soluble binding agent
• Watercolor


  • Dissolves easily in water, produces transparent layers
• Drawing can be done by running a finger on beach sand or by clicking a computer mouse, but the most familiar type is done by stroking a pencil on paper
• Acrylic paint


  • Pigment suspended in a synthetic vehicle made from acrylic polymer emulsion
• Miniaturismo- portraits in larger canvases. This kind of miniaturist art pays careful notice to the texture, transparency, and embroidery of clothing as well as to accessories, jewelry, and domestic furnishings
• Shape


  • Refers to the physical form or figure, which could imply weight or volume
• 18th - 19th century


  The Spanish Colonial Period
• Printmaking refers to the creation of a picture of des
• Secondary colors

  • Formed by combining two primary colors: green, violet, and orange
• Computer printouts are universally common today because of the proliferation of cheap and highly advanced technology. But even before the age of digital printing, printmaking was a highly influential art form throughout the world, which dates back even before the medieval period in Europe
• Colors


  • Can be used to create color harmonies, contrast, unity, and variety in images
  • Three primary colors: red, blue, and yellow
  • Colors have different intensities and values
  • Complementary colors placed next to one another appear brighter (red and green, yellow and purple, orange and blue), mixed together they will form neutral colors (neither warm nor cool)
• Texture


  • Refers to the coarseness or the smoothness of a material
• When painting non-religious subjects became widely accepted
• Miniature- meticulously detailed printing style, because of its minute size and incredibly small details
• Monochromatic color is the result of using different degrees of lightness and brightness of only one color
• Acrylic paint


  • Also called polymer paint
  • Pigment suspended in a synthetic vehicle made from acrylic polymer emulsion
  • Product of industrial chemistry during the 1930s
  • Depending on usage and application, acrylic can imitate the effects of watercolor and oil paint
  • Became a popular medium of choice among artists
• Tertiary colors

  • Formed by combining both the primary and secondary colors: blue-green, blue-violet, red-orange, red-violet, yellow-orange, and yellow-green
• Primary colors


  • Red, blue, and yellow; They are the original colors because they cannot be produced from any color combination
• Color


  • Can be used to create a mood or emotional quality
  • Color connotation: White – pure, innocence, emptiness, calm; Red – radical emotions, anger, aggressive excitement; Orange – unpredictable, warm, changing; Green – promising, immature, fresh, soothing, pleasant; Yellow – cowardly (weak), sun, informal; Blue – clarity, severe, formal, low spirited, reliable, sincere; Purple – imperial, articulate, showy
• Surface used for watercolor painting

  • Also used in western tradition
  • Water-based paint was also the primary medium of the historic paintings in East Asia
• Size


  • Refers to the magnitude or bulk of an object
• Line


  • Length without width or an extension of a point
  • Two kinds of lines: Static (suggest stillness, e.g., vertical, oblique, horizontal lines); Dynamic (suggest force and motion, e.g., curved lines)
• Color


  • Is the appearance or hue of an object with regard to the wavelength or light reflected by it
• Intaglio Printing

  1. Areas to be printed are lower than the surface of the printing plate

  2. Artist uses sharp tools to make lines or grooves in the printing plate

  3. Types include Engraving, Drypoint, Mezzotint, and Etching
• Screen Printing (Serigraphy)

  1. Similar to the stencil process using a screen called "silkscreen"

  2. Commonly used for printing on shirts
• Lithography

  1. Printing surface is flat and not raised or depressed

  2. Depends on the immiscible quality of oil and water
• Types of Instruments

  • Stringed instrument
  • Wind instrument - wood or brass
  • Percussion
  • Keyboard
• Mediums of Literature and Combined Arts

  • Literature - words with expressive potentials
  • Combined Arts - movements using any part of the body as in dancing, plot, costumes, props, lighting in theatrical productions