Amendments

• When was the 13th Amendment passed?

  1865
• When was the 14th Amendment passed?

  1868
• When was the 15th Amendment passed?

  1870
• When was the Emancipation Proclomation?

  1863
• What did the 14th Amendment end?

  Black codes within the Southern states
• What did the 14th Amendment guarantee?

  All citizens equality before the law
• What did the 14th Amendment allow for in terms of federal power?

  Confirmed that the federal government could intervene if a state tried to deny citizenship rights to any citizen
• What did the 14th Amendment ban?

  Most of the old Confederate elite were banned from holding office, regardless of any previous elections
• At the time of the 15th Amendment, how many states allowed black voting?

  Only eight northern states
• What did the 15th Amendment say?

  Gave the vote to all black freedmen
• What did the 15th Amendment not prevent?

  The implementation of literary, property and educational tests by states
• What was ruled by the Supreme Court in 1873?

  That the 14th Amendment was limited in protecting the rights of black Americans
• How many freedmen were given the vote after the 15th Amendment?

  700,000
• How many white Americans were there in the South?

  600,000
• Which state had a larger black population than white?

  South Carolina
• Prior to the 13th Amendment, what were black people declared to be?

  3/5 of a person
• How many black Americans were in local positions of power?

  1000
• How many black congressman were there?

  16
• How many black senators were there?

  2
• Who were the two black senators?

  Charles Caldwell and Hiram Revels
• Where was Charles Caldwell senator for?

  Mississippi
• How many freedmen did the 13th Amendment create?

  4 million
• How much property was wiped by the 13th Amendment?

  $2 billion
• How many black Americans served in state legislature?

  Over 700
• What local posts could black Americans have?

  Sherrif
• What could black Americans in positions of power do?

  Contribute to the passing of laws to help black Americans
• What laws were helped pass by black Americans?

  Increased spending on education, requiring access to public facilities
• What else did the greater roles do?

  Increased black confidence, political awareness and organisation skills
• What did states do to limit the 15th Amendment?

  They made it difficult to ensure enfranchisement such as through literacy tests
• What was there not even by 1877?

  A black state governor
• What did no Southern state have?

  A black majority in government
• What percentage of South Carolina was black?

  65%
• What did South Carolina have?

  It only had a black majority in the state House of Representatives
• What percentage of black officials came from the Church?

  25%