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• Photographs and still images


  • Illustrations considered as the oldest form of media, when combined with text becomes a strong visual element
  • Small images such as thumbnails or icons are often used as a visual “entrypoint” to larger images or more detailed information
  • Text images are sometimes combined in a single form as many software programs make it easy to create text art, a form of lettering that combines strong visual elements
• Graphic Image Files (GIF) and other forms of Animation


  • Files that present a single image or rapidly display a sequence of a few images to give the appearance of motion
  • Small files present a single image or rapidly display a sequence of a few images to give the appearance of motion
• Text materials


  • Written materials which are still the primary way to transmit information
  • Characters are used to create words, sentences, and paragraphs
• How speech sounds are produced
• File types for different multimedia elements

  • Text Only – TEXT
  • Text with other elements – DOC, DOCX, PDF
  • Images - JPG, PNG, TIF, BMP
  • Audio – AVI, WMV, FLV, MOV, MNP4
  • Animation – GIF, FLV
• Advantages of Multimedia

  • Very user-friendly
  • Multi-sensorial
  • Integrated and interactive
  • Flexible
  • Can be used for a wide variety of audiences
• Video presentation


  • Presents moving pictures and typically combines images and sound for a compelling multimedia experience
  • Videos can include text as well
  • Video files are memory-intensive but clever streaming methods make their use practical in everyday use
• Multimedia


  The field concerned with the computer-controlled integration of text, graphics, drawings, still and moving images, animation, audio, and other media where every type of information can be represented, stored, transmitted, and processed digitally
• Oral language components - Phonology


  The correct sounds and syllables in speaking the words
• Oral language


  The system in which spoken language is used to express feelings and ideas, including different components that become the source of confusion
• Disadvantages of Multimedia


  • Information overload
  • Takes time to compile
  • Can be expensive
  • Too much makes it impractical
• Five Components of Multimedia

  • Text materials
  • Photographs and still images
  • Audio Files
  • Video presentation
  • Graphic Image Files (GIF) and other forms of Animation
• Audio Files


  • Recorded sound files created on websites, presentations, or even on cellphones and digital cameras
  • Website presentations can add sound from a musical background to a spoken explanation by including audio files
  • Many sound files are compressed, reducing file size without greatly sacrificing sound quality
• Circular process to learn vocabulary effectively

  1. Discover new words in context

  2. Practice vocabulary

  3. Review vocabulary
• How speech sounds are produced

  1. Lungs produce an air stream and expel it through the trachea

  2. The air stream goes through the larynx

  3. The air can go into the nasal or oral cavity

  4. Articulation process takes place in the mouth, differentiating most speech sounds
• Discovering new words in context

  Finding a new word, understanding its meaning, form, pronunciation, and usage in context
• Vocabulary


  • Understanding of different words to communicate properly, learning vocabulary is a circular process
• Types of morphemes

  • Free morphemes (simple words)
  • Bound M
• Phonology


  • The correct sounds and syllables in speaking the words
• Practicing vocabulary


  Actively using the new word in various ways
• Stance


  A way of standing or being placed, posture; Intellectual or emotional attitude
• Morphology details


  Morphemes are the building blocks of morphology, words have internal structure built into smaller pieces, morphemes are the smallest meaning-bearing units of language
• Behavior


  The way a person or animal acts or behaves
• Syntax


  • Functional understanding of grammar rules and the order of words
• Morphology


  • Understanding/study of word parts and forms
• Vowel sounds


  A sound pronounced with an opened mouth, no contact between the tongue and the top of the mouth or teeth, and no obstruction to the flow of air. Represented by the letters a, e, i, o, u in English
• Reviewing vocabulary


  Getting feedback and deepening understanding of the new vocabulary
• Free morphemes

  • work
  • build
  • run
• Types of affixes

  • Prefix
  • Infix
  • Suffix
• Free morphemes

  • Don’t have internal structure (only consist of one morpheme)
  • Can't be split into smaller parts carrying meaning or function
• Literature is thought-provoking
• Bound morphemes

  • worker: affix -er added to the root work to form a noun
• Bound morphemes

  • Have internal structure (consist of two or more morphemes)
  • Compose of root/base word and affixes
• Types of morphemes

  • Free morphemes (simple words)
  • Bound morphemes (complex words)
• Literature gives us a detailed preview of human experiences, allowing us to connect on basic levels of desire and emotion
• Literature is important, for it is the mirror of society
• Pragmatics


  Understanding the social rules of communication; knowing when to speak or not
• Literature has shaped civilizations, changed political systems, and exposed injustice
• Morphemes


  The smallest meaning-bearing units of language
• Culture


  • Knowledge of a specific group of people, their languages, beliefs, habits, music, and arts
  • Influences literature through religious beliefs, moral values, language, and gender norms